Żabikowo, Luboń
History
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The oldest known mention of Żabikowo dates back to 1283. Żabikowo was a private church village, administratively located in the Poznań County in the Poznań Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. It was annexed by Prussia in the Second Partition of Poland in 1793. After the successful Greater Poland uprising of 1806, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. After the duchy's dissolution in 1815, it was reannexed by Prussia, and from 1871 it was also part of Germany. In 1870, a College of Agriculture (Wyższa Szkoła Rolnicza) was established in Żabikowo, as a Polish college, and was forced to close in 1876 as a result of anti-Polish policies of the German authorities. Following World War I, Poland regained independence and control of the village.
During the Nazi occupation in World War II the Germans established a forced labour camp for Jews called Poggenburg. In 1943–1945 Żabikowo was also the site of a Nazi prison camp, which replaced the Fort VII camp in western Poznań, and in which over 20,000 people were imprisoned. The prisoners were mainly members of the Polish resistance movement, but also Luxembourgers, Dutch, Hungarians, Slovaks, Americans, Soviet prisoners of war and deserters from the Wehrmacht. Prisoners were subjected to inhuman living conditions, torture and executions. On January 19, 1945, the camp was dissolved and the prisoners were sent either by rail or on a death march to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. On the same day, the Germans massacred prisoners who were sick and unable to march. Three days later, the SS carried out another massacre, this time of 33 Poles. There is a museum and a monument entitled Nigdy wojny ("Never War") by Józef Gosławski, as well other monuments to various people imprisoned and murdered in the camp.
It was given town rights and incorporated into the newly created town of Luboń on 13 November 1954.
References
- ^ "Historia". Urząd Miasta Luboń (in Polish). Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- ^ Atlas historyczny Polski. Wielkopolska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część II. Komentarz. Indeksy, Warszawa 2017, s. 245.
- ^ Atlas historyczny Polski. Wielkopolska w drugiej połowie XVI wieku. Część I. Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk. 2017. p. 1a.
- ^ "68 lat temu zlikwidowano obóz hitlerowski w Żabikowie [ZDJĘCIA]". Poznań Nasze Miasto (in Polish). Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- ^ "75. rocznica likwidacji i ewakuacji więźniów obozu karno-śledczego w Żabikowie". Muzeum Martyrologiczne w Żabikowie (in Polish). 19 January 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2023.