3C 438
3C 438 is a Seyfert galaxy and Fanaroff and Riley class II radio galaxy located in the constellation Cygnus. The radio galaxy has two lobes and there is a radio jet leading to the south lobe, which also has a prominent double hot spot. There is age variation across the lobes.
3C 438 is a member of a galaxy cluster and three galaxies are located close to it, the closest one being 4 arcseconds to the northeast. The galaxy cluster has been found when observed by the Chandra X-ray Observatory to have hot intergalactic gas, with a temperature of about 11 KeV, which when discovered in 2007 was the highest ever found, slightly hotter than the Bullet Cluster. The high temperature is the result of the merger of two galaxy clusters, as the relative movement of one subcluster has created a bow shock in the hot gas.
References
- ^ "Query : 3C 438". Simbad. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
- ^ "NED results for object 3C 438". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
- ^ Hardcastle, M. J.; Alexander, P.; Pooley, G. G.; Riley, J. M. (11 July 1997). "High-resolution observations at 3.6 cm of seventeen FR II radio galaxies with 0.15". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 288 (4): 859–890. doi:10.1093/mnras/288.4.859.
- ^ Harwood, Jeremy J.; Hardcastle, Martin J.; Croston, Judith H. (21 December 2015). "Spectral ageing in the lobes of cluster-centre FR II radio galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 454 (4): 3403–3422. arXiv:1509.06757. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2194.
- ^ Madrid, Juan P.; Chiaberge, Marco; Floyd, David; Sparks, William B.; Macchetto, Duccio; Miley, George K.; Axon, David; Capetti, Alessandro; O’Dea, Christopher P.; Baum, Stefi; Perlman, Eric; Quillen, Alice (June 2006). "Hubble Space Telescope Near-Infrared Snapshot Survey of 3CR Radio Source Counterparts at Low Redshift". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 164 (2): 307–333. arXiv:astro-ph/0603239. Bibcode:2006ApJS..164..307M. doi:10.1086/504480. S2CID 118882508.
- ^ Kraft, R. P.; Forman, W. R.; Hardcastle, M. J.; Jones, C.; Nulsen, P. E. J. (1 August 2007). "The Disturbed 17 keV Cluster Associated with the Radio Galaxy 3C 438". The Astrophysical Journal. 664 (2): L83–L86. arXiv:0706.4014. Bibcode:2007ApJ...664L..83K. doi:10.1086/520955. S2CID 17918659.
- ^ Emery, Deanna L.; Bogdán, Ákos; Kraft, Ralph P.; Andrade-Santos, Felipe; Forman, William R.; Hardcastle, Martin J.; Jones, Christine (10 January 2017). "A spectacular bow shock in the 11 keV galaxy cluster around 3C 438". The Astrophysical Journal. 834 (2): 159. arXiv:1611.03489. Bibcode:2017ApJ...834..159E. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/159.
External links
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