Academy Award For Best Directing
The Academy Award for Best Director (officially known as the Academy Award of Merit for Directing) is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given in honor of a film director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry.
Frank Borzage won twice: "Dramatic director" at the first ceremony, for 7th Heaven (1927); & later, Bad Girl (1931). 
Lewis Milestone won twice: "Comedy director" at the first ceremony, for Two Arabian Knights (1927); & later, All Quiet on the Western Front (1930). 
Frank Lloyd won twice, for The Divine Lady (1929) & Cavalcade (1933). 
Frank Capra won thrice, for It Happened One Night (1934), Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), & You Can't Take It with You (1938). 
John Ford won a record four times, for: The Informer (1935), The Grapes of Wrath (1940), How Green Was My Valley (1941), & The Quiet Man (1952). 
Leo McCarey won twice, for The Awful Truth (1937) & Going My Way (1944). 
Victor Fleming won for Gone with the Wind (1939). 
William Wyler, with a record twelve nominations, won thrice, for: Mrs. Miniver (1942), The Best Years of Our Lives (1946), & Ben-Hur (1959). 
Michael Curtiz won for Casablanca (1942). 
Billy Wilder (right, with Gloria Swanson) won twice, for The Lost Weekend (1945) & The Apartment (1960). 
Elia Kazan won twice, for Gentleman's Agreement (1947) & On the Waterfront (1954). 
John Huston won for The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948). 
Joseph L. Mankiewicz won twice consecutively, for A Letter to Three Wives (1949) & All About Eve (1950). 
George Stevens won twice, for A Place in the Sun (1951) & Giant (1956). 
Fred Zinnemann won twice, for From Here to Eternity (1953) & A Man for All Seasons (1966). 
David Lean won twice, for The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) & Lawrence of Arabia (1962). 
Vincente Minnelli won for Gigi (1958). 
Robert Wise won twice: jointly with Jerome Robbins (an Oscars first) for West Side Story (1961) & solo for The Sound of Music (1965). 
George Cukor won for My Fair Lady (1964). 
Mike Nichols won for The Graduate (1967). 
Carol Reed won for Oliver! (1968). 
Franklin J. Schaffner won for Patton (1970). 
William Friedkin won for The French Connection (1971). 
Bob Fosse won for Cabaret (1972). 
Francis Ford Coppola won for The Godfather Part II (1974). 
Miloš Forman won twice, for One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) & Amadeus (1984). 
Woody Allen won for Annie Hall (1977). 
Robert Redford won for Ordinary People (1980). 
Warren Beatty won for Reds (1981). 
Richard Attenborough won for Gandhi (1982). 
James L. Brooks won for Terms of Endearment (1983). 
Sydney Pollack won for Out of Africa (1985). 
Oliver Stone won twice, for Platoon (1986) & Born on the Fourth of July (1989). 
Bernardo Bertolucci won for The Last Emperor (1987). 
Barry Levinson won for Rain Man (1988). 
Kevin Costner won for Dances with Wolves (1990). 
Jonathan Demme won for The Silence of the Lambs (1991). 
Clint Eastwood won twice, for Unforgiven (1992) & Million Dollar Baby (2004)—latter, at 74, rendered him the oldest winner. 
Steven Spielberg won twice, for Schindler's List (1993) & Saving Private Ryan (1998). 
Robert Zemeckis won for Forrest Gump (1994). 
Mel Gibson won for Braveheart (1995). 
James Cameron won for Titanic (1997). 
Sam Mendes won for American Beauty (1999). 
Steven Soderbergh won for Traffic (2000). 
Ron Howard won for A Beautiful Mind (2001). 
Roman Polanski won for The Pianist (2002). 
Peter Jackson won for The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003). 
Ang Lee won twice, for Brokeback Mountain (2005) & Life of Pi (2012); first Asian winner. 
Martin Scorsese won for The Departed (2006). 
The Coen brothers won for No Country for Old Men (2007). 
Danny Boyle won for Slumdog Millionaire (2008). 
Kathryn Bigelow won for The Hurt Locker (2009); first woman to win. 
Tom Hooper won for The King's Speech (2010). 
Michel Hazanavicius won for The Artist (2011). 
Alfonso Cuarón won twice, for Gravity (2013) & Roma (2018); first Mexican winner. 
Alejandro G. Iñárritu won twice consecutively, for Birdman (2014) & The Revenant (2015). 
Damien Chazelle won for La La Land (2016); youngest winner, at age 32. 
Guillermo del Toro won for The Shape of Water (2017). 
Bong Joon-ho won for Parasite (2019); first to direct a foreign-language (Korean) winner for Best Picture. 
Chloé Zhao won for Nomadland (2020); first woman of color to win. 
Jane Campion won for The Power of the Dog (2021); first woman to be nominated twice. 
The Daniels won for Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022).
The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with the award being split into "Dramatic" and "Comedy" categories; Frank Borzage and Lewis Milestone won for 7th Heaven and Two Arabian Knights, respectively. However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies. Nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS; winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the academy.
For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year. However, after the nomination of Michael Curtiz for two films, Angels with Dirty Faces and Four Daughters, at the 11th Academy Awards, the rules were revised so that an individual could only be nominated for one film at each ceremony. That rule has since been amended, although the only director who has received multiple nominations in the same year was Steven Soderbergh for Erin Brockovich and Traffic in 2000, winning the award for the latter. The Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that won Best Picture and were also nominated for Best Director, 68 won the award.
Since its inception, the award has been given to 75 directors or directing teams. As of the 96th Academy Awards ceremony, British-American filmmaker Christopher Nolan is the most recent winner in this category for his work on Oppenheimer.
Winners and nominees
In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of film release in Los Angeles County, California; the ceremonies are always held the following year. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31. For the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1, 1932, to December 31, 1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.
.JPG)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.JPG)
.JPG)
.JPG)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.png)
_in_Amsterdam,_Bestanddeelnr_903-7970_(cropped).png)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.JPG)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_(cropped)_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.png)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_trim.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
Indicates the winner
|
1920s
| Year | Director(s) | Film | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1927/28 (1st) |
Frank Borzage (Dramatic Picture) | 7th Heaven | |
| Herbert Brenon (Dramatic Picture) | Sorrell and Son | ||
| King Vidor (Dramatic Picture) | The Crowd | ||
| Lewis Milestone (Comedy Picture) | Two Arabian Knights | ||
| Ted Wilde (Comedy Picture) | Speedy | ||
| Charlie Chaplin (Comedy Picture) | The Circus | ||
| 1928/29 (2nd) |
Frank Lloyd | The Divine Lady | |
| Lionel Barrymore | Madame X | ||
| Harry Beaumont | The Broadway Melody | ||
| Irving Cummings | In Old Arizona | ||
| Frank Lloyd | Drag | ||
| Weary River | |||
| Ernst Lubitsch | The Patriot |
1930s
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Multiple wins and nominations
Age superlatives
| Record | Director | Film | Age | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oldest winner | Clint Eastwood | Million Dollar Baby | 74 years, 272 days | |
| Oldest nominee | Martin Scorsese | Killers of the Flower Moon | 81 years, 67 days | |
| Youngest winner | Damien Chazelle | La La Land | 32 years, 38 days | |
| Youngest nominee | John Singleton | Boyz n the Hood | 24 years, 44 days |
Records
- John Ford has received the most awards in this category, with four. Frank Capra and William Wyler won three each.
- David Lean was the first non-American to win the award when he won in 1958 for The Bridge on the River Kwai. He would repeat this in 1963 with Lawrence of Arabia. This made him the first non-American to win the award twice, it would not be until Ang Lee 49 years later for another non-American to win the award twice. Since then Alfonso Cuarón and Alejandro González Iñárritu have added their names to this list.
- William Wyler has the most nominations, with 12, including a record four years in a row. Martin Scorsese is currently second, with 10.
- Clarence Brown received the most nominations without a win (6). Alfred Hitchcock and King Vidor each received five nominations without a win.
- Damien Chazelle is the youngest winner, at the age of 32 for La La Land.
- John Singleton is the youngest (and first Black) nominee, at age 24 for Boyz n the Hood.
- Four directing teams have been nominated together (a total of five times): Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for West Side Story (1961), Warren Beatty and Buck Henry for Heaven Can Wait (1978), Joel and Ethan Coen for No Country for Old Men (2007) and True Grit (2010), and Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert for Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022). Of these, Wise and Robbins, the Coens (2007), and Kwan and Scheinert won the award.
- Six directors won the award for their feature film debut: Delbert Mann for Marty (1955), Jerome Robbins for West Side Story (1961), Robert Redford for Ordinary People (1980), James L. Brooks for Terms of Endearment (1983), Kevin Costner for Dances With Wolves (1990), and Sam Mendes for American Beauty (1999).
- Only one director won for his only career directing credit: Jerome Robbins for West Side Story.
- Four directors have twice won for films that did not win Best Picture: Frank Borzage, George Stevens, Ang Lee, and Alfonso Cuarón; John Ford did so three times.
- The Coen Brothers are the only siblings to have won the award.
- Lina Wertmüller was the first woman nominated in the category, for Seven Beauties (1976). Kathryn Bigelow became the first woman to win the award, for The Hurt Locker (2009).
- Francis Ford Coppola is the only director to be nominated for each film of a trilogy, The Godfather trilogy, winning for the second film.
- John Ford (1940–1941), Joseph L. Mankiewicz (1949–1950), and Alejandro González Iñárritu (2014–2015) are the only directors to have won the award in two consecutive years.
- Ang Lee was the first Asian director to win the award, for Brokeback Mountain. He won again for Life of Pi (2012).
- Alfonso Cuarón was the first Mexican (and Latin American) director to win the award, for Gravity. He won again for Roma (2018).
- Chloé Zhao was the first woman of color to win the award, for Nomadland (2020).
Notes
- ^ The Circus originally received a nomination for Best Director (Comedy Picture), as well as nominations for Best Actor and Best Writing (Original Story), all for Charlie Chaplin. However, the Academy subsequently decided to remove Chaplin's name from the competitive award categories and instead to confer upon him a Special Award "for acting, writing, directing and producing The Circus".
- ^ The 2nd Academy Awards is the only ceremony for which there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of unofficial or de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges. While Frank Lloyd won for The Divine Lady, his other two nominated films are considered to be a single combined nomination.
- ^ According to the Oscars.org database, Brown's directing nomination counts as one singular, joint, cumulative nomination for two films. This same recognition was applicable to all nominees, such as to Greta Garbo's acting nominations from the same respective films; as well as acting winners, Norma Shearer and George Arliss. No explanation was given for why the latter two were nominated with two films, yet only awarded for one each.
- ^ Michael Curtiz was not on the original ballot of nominees. However, after the year prior with Bette Davis's omission for Of Human Bondage, the resulting furor led to a write-in campaign determined to secure her a nomination. Thus, the Academy relaxed their rules and allowed her performance to be amongst the competition. They permitted this once more, prompting further submissions: Curtiz; Paul Muni for Black Fury; and several other categories, including Hal Mohr for A Midsummer Night's Dream. Ultimately, Mohr became the only person to win an Oscar as a result of this process. The Academy discontinued this option from the next ceremony forward to prevent any recurrence.
- ^ The eligibility period for the 93rd ceremony was extended through to February 28, 2021, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- ^ Wise earned two individual nominations (resulting in one win); and one joint nomination with Jerome Robbins, which also resulted in the pair of them winning.
- ^ While the Coen Brothers, as a directing duo, earned two nominations, their work on Fargo was credited as being split apart: Ethan was given sole producer credit, while Joel was listed as the sole director. Joel thus has one additional directing nomination combined with his work as part of their dual efforts.
See also
- BAFTA Award for Best Direction
- Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Director
- Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film
- Golden Globe Award for Best Director
- Independent Spirit Award for Best Director
- List of Academy Award–nominated films
References
- ^ Dirks, Tim. "1927–28 Academy Awards Winners". Rainbow Media. Archived from the original on July 24, 2010. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
- ^ Dirks, Tim. "Academy Awards Winners (1927/8 – 1939)". Rainbow Media. Archived from the original on January 14, 2016. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
- ^ "87th Annual Academy Awards of Merit Rules" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Rule 5.5 & Rule 10. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 21, 2014. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
- ^ Pond, Steve (January 7, 2006). "Eight things every voter (and fan) should know about Oscar's decidedly unique nomination process". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on October 17, 2006. Retrieved January 27, 2007.
- ^ Young, John (January 27, 2011). "Oscars: The wacky way the Academy counts votes, and the results of our 'If You Were an Oscar Voter' poll". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved February 29, 2016.
- ^ Dirks, Tim. "1938 Academy Awards Winners and History". Rainbow Media. Archived from the original on November 21, 2015. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
- ^ "Picture/Director Not from Same Film". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. March 11, 2011. Archived from the original on January 13, 2012. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
- ^ "Academy Awards Best Director – Facts & Trivia". www.filmsite.org. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved April 5, 2022.
- ^ Crouse 2005, p. 257
- ^ Levy 2003, page 52
- ^ "The 1st Academy Awards (1929) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ Chilton, Martin (May 16, 2016). "The first Oscars: what happened in 1929". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on May 19, 2016. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
- ^ "The 2nd Academy Awards Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 3rd Academy Awards (1930) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on August 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 4th Academy Awards (1931) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on November 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 5th Academy Awards (1932) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 6th Academy Awards (1933) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 7th Academy Awards (1935) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 8th Academy Awards (1936) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ Hunt, Kristin (February 22, 2019). Moss, Adam (ed.). "A Surprise 1936 Oscar Win Banned Write-in Campaigns Forever". New York. ISSN 0028-7369. Archived from the original on November 29, 2023. Retrieved October 19, 2023 – via Vulture.
The effort nearly pushed Paul Muni and Michael Curtiz to respective wins in Best Actor and Best Director, despite their absences from the ballot.
- ^ "The 9th Academy Awards (1937) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 10th Academy Awards (1938) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 11th Academy Awards (1939) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 13th Academy Awards (1941) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 14th Academy Awards (1942) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 15th Academy Awards (1943) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 16th Academy Awards (1944) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on March 21, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 17th Academy Awards (1945) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 18th Academy Awards (1946) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 19th Academy Awards (1947) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 20th Academy Awards (1948) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 21st Academy Awards (1949) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 22nd Academy Awards (1950) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 23rd Academy Awards (1951) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on January 28, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 24th Academy Awards (1952) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 26th Academy Awards (1954) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 27th Academy Awards (1955) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on December 20, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 28th Academy Awards (1956) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on November 11, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 29th Academy Awards (1957) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 30th Academy Awards (1958) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 31st Academy Awards (1959) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 32nd Academy Awards (1960) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on September 8, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 33rd Academy Awards (1961) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 35th Academy Awards (1963) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 36th Academy Awards (1964) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 38th Academy Awards (1966) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 40th Academy Awards (1968) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 41st Academy Awards (1969) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 42nd Academy Awards (1970) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 43rd Academy Awards (1971) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 44th Academy Awards (1972) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 46th Academy Awards (1974) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 47th Academy Awards (1975) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 48th Academy Awards (1976) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 49th Academy Awards (1977) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 50th Academy Awards (1978) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 51st Academy Awards (1979) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 52nd Academy Awards (1980) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 53rd Academy Awards (1981) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 54th Academy Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 55th Academy Awards (1983) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 56th Academy Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 57th Academy Awards (1985) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 58th Academy Awards (1986) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 59th Academy Awards (1987) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 60th Academy Awards (1988) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 63rd Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 64th Academy Awards (1992) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 65th Academy Awards (1993) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 66th Academy Awards (1994) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 67th Academy Awards (1995) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 68th Academy Awards (1996) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 69th Academy Awards (1997) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 70th Academy Awards (1998) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 72nd Academy Awards (2000) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 75th Academy Awards (2003) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 76th Academy Awards (2004) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 77th Academy Awards (2005) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on May 2, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 78th Academy Awards (2006) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on November 9, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 79th Academy Awards (2007) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 80th Academy Awards (2008) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 81st Academy Awards (2009) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on November 10, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 82nd Academy Awards (2010) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on September 29, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 83rd Academy Awards (2011) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on May 5, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 84th Academy Awards (2012) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 85th Academy Awards (2013) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
- ^ "The 86th Academy Awards (2014) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on October 14, 2014. Retrieved April 10, 2014.
- ^ "The 87th Academy Awards (2015) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on March 10, 2015. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
- ^ "The 88th Academy Awards (2016) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on January 25, 2016. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
- ^ "The 89th Academy Awards (2017) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved January 14, 2017.
- ^ Barnes, Brooks (March 4, 2018). "'The Shape of Water' Wins Best Picture as Oscars Project Diversity". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 5, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
- ^ "Netflix's 'Roma' wins three Oscars, including Best Director (but not Best Picture)". February 25, 2019. Archived from the original on March 16, 2023. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
- ^ "The full list of 2020 Oscar nominations". Guardian. January 14, 2020. Archived from the original on January 14, 2020. Retrieved January 14, 2020.
- ^ "The 93rd Academy Awards (2021) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on May 1, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ "The 94th Academy Awards (2022) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on April 1, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ "The 95th Academy Awards (2023) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
- ^ "The 96th Academy Awards (2024) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). Archived from the original on March 22, 2024. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
- ^ "Oldest/Youngest Directing Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on March 1, 2009. Retrieved November 19, 2015.
- ^ "2024 | Oscars.org | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences". www.oscars.org. January 23, 2024. Archived from the original on March 22, 2024. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
- ^ "Coen brothers make Oscar history". Today.com. February 25, 2008. Archived from the original on February 7, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2016.
Bibliography
- Crouse, Richard (2005). Reel Winners: Movie Award Trivia. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3.
- Levy, Emanuel (2003). All About Oscar: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards. New York, United States: Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8264-1452-6.
External links
- Oscars.org (official Academy site)
- The Academy Awards Database (official site)
- Oscar.com Archived March 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (official ceremony promotional site)
| Awards of Merit |
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Special awards |
| ||||||
| Former awards |
| ||||||
| Ceremonies (years of film release) |
| ||||||
Academy Awards lists | |
|---|---|
| Combined major Academy Awards | |
| Acting | |
| Directing | |
| Film |
|
| Countries of the nominees |
|
| Nominees demographics | |
| Other | |
| Combined major awards | |