Aksay Kazakh Autonomous County is an autonomous county under the prefecture-level city of Jiuquan in Gansu Province, China. The county borders Qinghai Province to the south and Xinjiang to the west.

The westernmost county-level division of Gansu, the county has an area of 32,374 km (12,500 sq mi) and a population of 10,545 as of 2010. The postal code is 736400.

The Aksai Kazakh Autonomous Region Preparatory Committee was set up in 1953, south of Dunhuang. On April 26, 1954, the Aksai Kazak Autonomous Region was established. In 1955, it was renamed Aksai Kazakh Autonomous County.

The county lies on the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau and has an average elevation of about 3,200 meters.

The county is bordered by the city of Dunhuang to the north, Qinghai to the south, Subei Mongol Autonomous County to the east, and Xinjiang to the west.

The Big Harteng River (Chinese: 大哈尔腾河) and the Little Harteng River (Chinese: 小哈尔腾河) both flow through the southern portion of the county. The Sugan Lake [de], which actually comprises the Big Sugan Lake (Chinese: 大苏干湖) and the Little Sugan Lake (Chinese: 小苏干湖) is located in the county.

The county experiences an average annual rainfall of 100 millimetres or 4 inches, an average annual temperature of 5.4 °C or 41.7 °F and an annual frost-free period of 90 days.

The county governs one town, three townships, and one other township-level division.

Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Kazakh (Arabic script)	Kazakh (Cyrillic script)	Administrative division code
Town
Hongliuwan [zh]	红柳湾镇	Hóngliǔwān Zhèn	جىڭعىلدى قويناۋ قالاشىعى		620924100
Townships
Akqi Township [zh]	阿克旗乡	Ākèqí Xiāng	اقشي اۋىلى		620924200
Alteng Township [zh]	阿勒腾乡	Ālèténg Xiāng	التىن اۋىلى		620924203
Aina Township [zh]	阿伊纳乡	Āyīnà Xiāng	اينا اۋىلى		620924204
Other Township-level division
Aksay County Industrial Park	阿克塞县工业园区	Ākèsāi Xiàn Gōngyè Yuánqū			620924400

As of 2010, the county had a permanent population of 10,545, of which, 10,079 lived in Hongliuwan.

The county is the only Kazakh autonomous county in the province of Gansu. As of 2005, 41.3% of the county's population were ethnic Kazakhs, up slightly from the 40.7% recorded in 1996. Other ethnic groups in the county include the Han, the Hui, the Uighur, the Tibetans and 6 other ethnic minorities.

China National Highway 215 passes through the county, as does Gansu Provincial Highway 314.

Golmud–Dunhuang Railway also passes through the county.

• XinhuaNet -- Aksay Kazak Autonomous County(in Chinese)