Aksu, Silopi
History
In 1913, Harbōl (today called Aksu) was inhabited by 300 Chaldean Catholic Assyrians and were served by one priest and one church as part of the Chaldean Catholic diocese of Gazarta according to the Chaldean Catholic priest Joseph Tfinkdji whilst the list presented to the Paris Peace Conference by the Assyro-Chaldean delegation gave the village's population as 500 in 1914. There was a ruined monastery of Mār Addaï located to the southeast of the village.
Amidst the Sayfo, the villagers were protected by Rachid Osman, the agha of Şırnak, who moved them to mountain villages whilst Harbōl itself was destroyed. By 1918, the village was inhabited by 300 Assyrians. In the 1950s, the village had churches of Mart Maryam and Mar Joseph which may have been built prior to the First World War.
As a result of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict, Harbōl was targeted several times during the Turkish army’s pursuit of Kurdish militants into Iraq. The village was thus forcibly evacuated in 1991 and the locals immigrated to France; only the local church, school and some houses remained intact. Few locals have since then returned to rebuild the village, but the village was hit by fire in 2015 which obstructed its reconstruction.
Population
Population history from 1985 to 2023:
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1985 | 1,066 | — |
| 2020 | 16 | −98.5% |
| 2023 | 10 | −37.5% |
References
Notes
- ^ Alternatively transliterated as Harbul, Herbol, Herbül, or Herbul.
Citations
- ^ "Population Of Municipalities, Villages And Quarters". TÜİK. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ^ Baz (2016), p. 32.
- ^ Wilmshurst (2000), p. 107.
- ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 224; Jongerden & Verheij (2012), p. 327.
- ^ "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Ertaş (2019). "Tarihsel ve Kültürel Boyutlarıyla Şırnak Bölgesindeki Keldaniler ve Müslümanlarla Münasebetleri" (PDF). Asos Journal: The Journal of Academic Social Science (in Turkish): 154. ISSN 2148-2489.
- ^ Genel nüfus sayımı 1985: Mardın (in Turkish). Başbakanlık, Devlet İstatistik Enstitüsü. 1987. p. 11.
- ^ Andrews & Benninghaus (1989), p. 384.
- ^ Wilmshurst (2000), p. 107; Gaunt (2006), p. 426.
- ^ Wilmshurst (2000), p. 110.
- ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 224; Yacoub (2016), p. 131.
- ^ Yacoub (2016), p. 197.
- ^ Wilmshurst (2000), p. 120.
- ^ "Yasak da olsa... köy bizim köyümüz". Evrensel (in Turkish). 15 April 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
- ^ "Cudi Dağı'ndaki yangın Asurî köyünü de yaktı". Evrensel. 19 July 2015. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
Bibliography
- Andrews, Peter Alfred; Benninghaus, Rüdiger (1989). Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey. Reichert.
- Baz, Ibrahim (2016). Şırnak aşiretleri ve kültürü (in Turkish). ISBN 9786058849631.
- Gaunt, David (2006). Massacres, Resistance, Protectors: Muslim-Christian Relations in Eastern Anatolia during World War I. Gorgias Press. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- Jongerden, Joost; Verheij, Jelle (2012). Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915. Brill.
- Wilmshurst, David (2000). The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913. Peeters Publishers.
- Yacoub, Joseph (2016). Year of the Sword: The Assyrian Christian Genocide, A History. Translated by James Ferguson. Oxford University Press.