Alcântara Formation
The Alcântara Formation is a geological formation in northeastern Brazil whose strata date back to the Cenomanian of the Late Cretaceous.
Fossil content
Dinosaurs
Sauropods
Sauropods of the Alcântara Formation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Itapeuasaurus | I. cajapioensis | Itapeua beach | Early Cenomanian | A rebbachisaurid | ||
cf. Limaysaurus | L. tessonei | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | ||
Malawisaurus? | M. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Tooth | Probably Titanosauria indet rather than Malawisaurus? | |
Sauropoda indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | May belong to a titanosaurid or a diplodocoid rebbachisaurid | |
Titanosauria indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | ||
Titanosauria indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Osteoderm |
Theropods
Theropods of the Alcântara Formation | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Abelisauridae Indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Two shed tooth crowns | ||
Bahariasauridae Indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | |||
Carcharodontosauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | ||
Dromaeosauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | Possible member of Velociraptorinae | |
Noasauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Nine teeth | Teeth belong to an animal closely related to Masiakasaurus knopfleri. | |
Oxalaia | O. quilombensis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Fused premaxillae; isolated and incomplete left maxilla | A spinosaurid | |
S. brevicollis |
Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Two caudal vertebrae |
Referral to Sigilmassasaurus was based on similarity to presumed caudal vertebrae of the genus from the Kem Kem Group. However, these caudal vertebrae have since been separated from the genus, meaning that it is currently impossible to refer any caudal vertebrae to it. |
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Spinosauridae indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | A spinosaurid different from Oxalaia. | |
Theropoda indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Claw | ||
cf. Unenlagiinae | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island, São Luís-Grajaú Basin | Early Cenomanian | Teeth |
Ornithopods
Ornithopods of the Alcântara Formation | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Hadrosauriformes Indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | A hadrosauriform iguanodontian closely related to Ouranosaurus nigeriensis |
Pterosauria
Pterosaurs | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Anhangueridae indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanina | Teeth |
Crocodylomorphs
Crocodylomorphs | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Crocodylomorpha indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth and osteoderms | ||
Coringasuchus | C. anisodontis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Partial right lower jaw (dentary) | Possibly a notosuchian |
Turtles
Turtles | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Pelomedusoides indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Incomplete carapace |
Plesiosaurs
Plesiosaurs | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Leptocleididae Indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian |
Squamates
Snakes | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Seismophis | S. septentrionalis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Vertebrae | A snake |
Fish
Fishes | ||||||
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Genus | Species | Location | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
Aegyptobatus | A. cf. kuehnei | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Teeth | A distobatid hybodont | |
Arganodus | A. tiguidiensis | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plates | A ceratodontid lungfish | |
Atlanticopristis | A. equatorialis | Falésia do Sismito and Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Fourteen denticle specimens (two complete) | A sclerorhynchid | |
Bartschichthys | B. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Spines | ||
Ceratodus | C. brasiliensis C. humei |
Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plates | A ceratodontid lungfish | |
Equinoxiodus | E. alcantarensis E. schuitzei |
Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | One complete and eight incomplete tooth plates | A neoceatodontid lungfish | |
Lepidotes | L. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Mineralized scales | ||
Mawsonia | M. gigas | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Palato-quadrate and post-parietal cranial material | A mawsoniid coelacanth | |
Myliobatis | M. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | |||
Onchopristis | O. cf. numida | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Rostral teeth | A sclerorhynchoid. | |
Pycnodontiformes indet. | Indeterminate | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dental plate and teeth | ||
Stephanodus | S. sp. | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Pharyngeal teeth | ||
Tribodus | T. limae | Laje do Coringa, Cajual Island | Early Cenomanian | Dorsal spines | A hybodont |
Color key
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Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
References
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- ^ Lindoso, Rafael Matos; Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo Araújo; Carvalho, Ismar de Souza; Pereira, Agostinha Araújo; Mendes, Ighor Dienes; Iori, Fabiano Vidoi; Sousa, Eliane Pinheiro; Arcanjo, Silvia Helena Souza; Silva, Taciane Costa Madeira (July 2019). "A new rebbachisaurid (Sauropoda: Diplodocoidea) from the middle Cretaceous of northern Brazil". Cretaceous Research. 104: 104191. Bibcode:2019CrRes.10404191L. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104191. ISSN 0195-6671. S2CID 201321631.
- ^ Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Schultz, Cesar Leandro (2004). "Rayososaurus (Sauropoda, Diplodocoidea) no meso-Cretáceo do Norte-Nordeste Brasileiro". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 7 (2): 275–279. doi:10.4072/rbp.2004.2.22.
- ^ Freire, Pedro Carvalho; Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Lindoso, Rafael Matos (2007). "Sauropod teeth diversity in the Laje do Coringa fossiliferous site, Eocenomanian of Northeastern Brazil". Paleontologia: Cenários de Vida: 523–532.
- ^ Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Lindoso, Rafael Motos; Mendes, Ighor Dienes; Carvalho, Ismar de Souza (2014). "The Cretaceous (Cenomanian) continental record of the Laje do Coringa flagstone (Alcântara Formation), northeastern South America". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 53: 50–58. Bibcode:2014JSAES..53...50M. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2014.04.002.
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- ^ Candeiro, C.R.A.; Martinelli, Agustin G. (2005). "Abelisauroidea and Carcharodontosauridae (Theropoda, Dinosauria) in the Cretaceous of South America. Paleogeographical and geocronological implications". Sociedade & Natureza. 17 (33).
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- ^ Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo (2006). "Large theropod teeth from the Eocenomanian of northeastern Brazil and the occurrence of Spinosauridae". Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia. 9 (3): 333–338. doi:10.4072/rbp.2006.3.08.
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- ^ Kellner, A.W.A.; Pinheiro, A.E.P.; Azevedo, S.A.K.; Henriques, D.D.R.; de Carvalho, L.B.; Oliveira, G.R. (2009). "A new crocodyliform from the Alcântara Formation (Cenomanian), Cajual Island, Brazil". Zootaxa. 2030: 49–58. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2030.1.4. S2CID 88042701.
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- ^ Neves, Gabrielle S.; Medeiros, Manuel Alfredo; Dutheil, Didier B.; Brito, Paulo M. (26 July 2024). "First record of Aegyptobatus (Hybodontiformes: Distobatidae) in the Cretaceous Alcântara formation (?Albian-Cenomanian) of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil". Historical Biology: 1–7. doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2379031.
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