Amga (rural Locality)
Amga (Russian: Амга́; Yakut: Амма, Amma) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Amginsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia. It also the only inhabited locality and the administrative center of Amginsky Rural Okrug within Amginsky District. Population: 6,533 (2010 Census); 6,359 (2002 Census); 5,191 (1989 Soviet census).
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1939 | 1,230 | — |
| 1959 | 2,348 | +90.9% |
| 1970 | 3,542 | +50.9% |
| 1979 | 4,103 | +15.8% |
| 1989 | 5,191 | +26.5% |
| 2002 | 6,359 | +22.5% |
| 2010 | 6,533 | +2.7% |
| 2021 | 6,667 | +2.1% |
| Source: Census data | ||
Etymology
The name Amga is derived from an Evenk word meaning gorge or ravine.
Geography
Amga is located on the Amga River, a right tributary of the Aldan, part of the Lena basin. The Notora has its sources nearby.
History
It was first founded by the Cossacks in 1652 as the ostrog (fortress) of Amga-Sloboda (Амга-Слобода). The first church was built in 1680, but it burned down later and was subsequently rebuilt a number of times. Agriculture has been conducted in the area since 1695; it was the first place in Yakutia used for growing crops.
Amga was a place of political exile in the Russian Empire, with the most famous exile being Vladimir Korolenko, who was exiled here for six years in 1879.
It was also the site for fighting during the Russian Civil War.
Somewhere in the area was the old river crossing of Amginsk. From about 1750 to 1850, a horse track led northwest to Yakutsk. Across the river, one route led south to Uda Gulf and the other went southeast to Ust-Maya and from there south to Ayan. From perhaps 1662, there were a few Russian peasants in the area, but agriculture was usually unsuccessful. In 1737, Stepan Krasheninnikov noted that they had abandoned agriculture and were distinguishable from their Yakut neighbors only in religion.
Climate
Amga has an extreme subarctic climate (Köppen Dfd)
| Climate data for Amga | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −10.0 (14.0) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
12.0 (53.6) |
17.6 (63.7) |
32.0 (89.6) |
35.2 (95.4) |
38.2 (100.8) |
35.0 (95.0) |
31.1 (88.0) |
16.0 (60.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
38.2 (100.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −35.6 (−32.1) |
−30.6 (−23.1) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
1.4 (34.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
22.3 (72.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
11.6 (52.9) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−23.6 (−10.5) |
−34.0 (−29.2) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −39.4 (−38.9) |
−36.2 (−33.2) |
−22.7 (−8.9) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
7.0 (44.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
18.2 (64.8) |
14.5 (58.1) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
−28.2 (−18.8) |
−37.9 (−36.2) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −44.5 (−48.1) |
−42.9 (−45.2) |
−33.0 (−27.4) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
6.4 (43.5) |
9.6 (49.3) |
6.4 (43.5) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−34.2 (−29.6) |
−43.0 (−45.4) |
−15.8 (3.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −60.0 (−76.0) |
−60.0 (−76.0) |
−52.2 (−62.0) |
−42.2 (−44.0) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−18.4 (−1.1) |
−42.6 (−44.7) |
−57.2 (−71.0) |
−58.9 (−74.0) |
−60.0 (−76.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 8.7 (0.34) |
8.8 (0.35) |
19.2 (0.76) |
15.4 (0.61) |
38.9 (1.53) |
45.7 (1.80) |
54.1 (2.13) |
51.4 (2.02) |
42.9 (1.69) |
42.3 (1.67) |
16.9 (0.67) |
8.8 (0.35) |
353.1 (13.90) |
| Average precipitation days | 17.1 | 14.1 | 10.5 | 7.4 | 10.0 | 8.5 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 11.5 | 18.6 | 21.3 | 16.7 | 152.7 |
| Source: | |||||||||||||
References
Notes
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic
- ^ Sakha Republic (Yakutia) Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность населения по районам республики на 1 января 2016 года Archived September 29, 2018, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ The results of the 2016 estimate are given for Amginsky Rural Settlement, a municipal formation of Amginsky Municipal District. According to Law #173-Z 353-III, Amga is the only inhabited locality on the territory of Amginsky Rural Settlement.
- ^ Law #173-Z 353-III
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "P-53_54 Topographic Chart (in Russian)". Retrieved May 6, 2023.
- ^ James R Gibson,"Feeding the Russian Fur Trade",1969
- ^ "Weather Averages for Amga (1948-2011)". climatebase.ru. Retrieved December 18, 2014.
Sources
- Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Amginsky District Archived April 26, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. (in Russian)
- Государственное Собрание (Ил Тумэн) Республики Саха (Якутия). Закон №173-З №353-III от 30 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)», в ред. Закона №1058-З №1007-IV от 25 апреля 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Саха (Якутия) "Об установлении границ и о наделении статусом городского и сельского поселений муниципальных образований Республики Саха (Якутия)"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Якутия", №245, 31 декабря 2004 г. (State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. Law #173-Z No. 353-III of November 30, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, as amended by the Law #1058-Z No. 1007-IV of April 25, 2012 On Amending the Law of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic "On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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