Ayt Atta
The Ait Atta originated as a political entity in the Jbel Saghro region in the 16th century with the founding of their traditional capital Iɣerm Amazdar. They subsequently expanded first northwards, becoming rivals of the Ait Yafelman, then southwards, taking control of oases in Tafilalt and the Draa River. By the 19th century their raids went as far as Touat (in modern-day Algeria). They fiercely resisted the French entry into Morocco until 1933 and were the last of Morocco to fall.
At each tribal level, the head was traditionally elected according to the principles of rotation and complementarity: each lineage took turns to occupy the position, but when it was a particular lineage's turn to hold the office, only members of other lineages could choose the candidate. In ordinary circumstances, power traditionally rested mainly with local councils of family heads, the ajmuɛ, who decided cases according to customary law, izerf. In the oases they conquered, the Ait Atta originally dominated a stratified society, where the haratin who worked the land were often forbidden from owning it, and needed a protection agreement with an Ait Atta patron; this stratification has considerably receded since Moroccan independence with the establishment of legal equality.
Subdivision
Source:
Ait Unbi
Ait Yaza
- Ait Krad Ikhsan
- Ait Gumas
- Ait Asa
- Ait Butrurt
- Ait Hamu
- Ait Uma
Ait Ulal
Ait Wahlim
- Ait Butklifa
- Ait Huran
- Ait Masin
- Imadren
- Ait Su n Afela
Ait Isful
- Ait Anzar
- Ait Buaghrum
- Ait Hitlar
- Ait Ichu
- Ait Bafghf
- Ait Hani
References
- ^ David Hart, The Ait Atta of Southern Morocco, p. 14
- ^ see Boum, Aomar (2013) Memories of Absence: How Muslims Remember Jews in Morocco. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press. page 39. ISBN 9780804788519
- ^ Muhamed Ikiss (August 2020). "156167417-The-Ait-Atta-of-Southern-Morocco-Daily-Life-and-Recent-History-David-Hart (1)" – via ResearchGate.