Balangiga, Eastern Samar
Balangiga is the site of the Balangiga Encounter in 1901, which remains one of the longest-running and most controversial issues of the Philippine–American War.
History
Balangiga Encounter and Bells
During the Philippine-American War, on September 28, 1901, Eugenio Daza, Area Commander of Southeastern Samar and Valeriano Abanador, the Balangiga's pulahan chief, launched an attack on U.S. Army Company C 9th Infantry Regiment who were occupying Balangiga. With Philippine Revolutionary Army forces and Balangiga villagers, killing 48 and wounding 22 of the 78 men of the unit, with only four escaping unhurt and four missing in action. The villagers captured about 100 rifles and 25,000 rounds of ammunition. An estimated 20 to 25 of them died in the fighting, with a similar number of wounded.
In reprisal, General Jacob H. Smith ordered that Samar be turned into a "howling wilderness" and that they shoot any Filipino male above ten years of age who was capable of bearing arms. The American soldiers seized three church bells including Bangahon Church bell of old Gandara and from the town church Balangiga and moved them home to the United States as war trophies. The 9th Infantry Regiment maintained that the single bell in their possession was presented to the regiment by villagers when the unit left Balangiga on 9 April 1902. The bell had been actually given to them by the 11th Infantry Regiment, which had taken all three bells when they left Balangiga for Tacloban on 18 October 1901.
Smith and his primary subordinate, Major Littleton Waller of the United States Marine Corps, were both court-martialled for illegal vengeance against the civilian population of Samar. Waller was acquitted of the charges. Smith was found guilty, admonished and retired from service, but charges were dropped shortly after. He was later hailed as a war hero.
The bells were returned on December 11, 2018.
Geography
Balangiga is located on the southern coast of the island of Samar facing Leyte Gulf, and sits at the mouth of the Balangiga River. To the west lies the municipality of Lawaan, to the north is Llorente, and to the east are the municipalities of Quinapondan and Giporlos.
Barangays
Balangiga is politically subdivided into 13 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
- Bacjao
- Cag-olango
- Cansumangcay
- Guinmaayohan
- Poblacion I
- Poblacion II
- Poblacion III
- Poblacion IV
- Poblacion V
- Poblacion VI
- San Miguel
- Santa Rosa
- Maybunga
Climate
| Climate data for Balangiga, Eastern Samar | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28 (82) |
28 (82) |
29 (84) |
30 (86) |
30 (86) |
30 (86) |
29 (84) |
30 (86) |
30 (86) |
29 (84) |
29 (84) |
28 (82) |
29 (84) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22 (72) |
22 (72) |
22 (72) |
23 (73) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
23 (73) |
23 (73) |
23 (74) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 90 (3.5) |
67 (2.6) |
82 (3.2) |
70 (2.8) |
97 (3.8) |
145 (5.7) |
152 (6.0) |
127 (5.0) |
132 (5.2) |
152 (6.0) |
169 (6.7) |
144 (5.7) |
1,427 (56.2) |
| Average rainy days | 17.0 | 13.5 | 16.0 | 16.5 | 20.6 | 24.3 | 26.0 | 25.4 | 25.2 | 26.4 | 23.0 | 21.1 | 255 |
| Source: Meteoblue | |||||||||||||
Demographics
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1903 | 4,914 | — |
| 1918 | 10,125 | +4.94% |
| 1939 | 19,858 | +3.26% |
| 1948 | 21,621 | +0.95% |
| 1960 | 8,215 | −7.75% |
| 1970 | 9,538 | +1.50% |
| 1975 | 8,474 | −2.34% |
| 1980 | 9,559 | +2.44% |
| 1990 | 9,565 | +0.01% |
| 1995 | 11,100 | +2.83% |
| 2000 | 10,662 | −0.86% |
| 2007 | 12,428 | +2.14% |
| 2010 | 12,756 | +0.95% |
| 2015 | 14,085 | +1.91% |
| 2020 | 14,341 | +0.35% |
| Source: Philippine Statistics Authority | ||
In the 2020 census, the population of Balangiga, Eastern Samar, was 14,341 people, with a density of 75 inhabitants per square kilometre or 190 inhabitants per square mile.
Economy
Poverty incidence of Balangiga
10
20
30
40
50
60
2006
36.90 2009
44.16 2012
40.55 2015
39.65 2018
50.07 2021
35.94 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority |
Transportation
Balangiga can be reached through public utility vans and buses from Tacloban City. Pedicabs (potpot), tricycles, and habal-habal by the means of inner town transportation.
Education
Balangiga has 9 public elementary schools, namely:
- Balangiga Central Elementary School
- Bacjao Elementary School
- Bangon Elementary School
- Cag-olango Elementary School
- Cansumangkay Elementary School
- Guinmaayohan Elementary School
- Maybunga Elementary School
- San Miguel Elementary School
- Santa Rosa Elementary School
Has 1 public secondary school:
- Southern Samar National Comprehensive High School
Has 1 private secondary school:
- MSH Sisters Academy Balangiga
Daughter Towns
The municipalities of Lawaan, Giporlos, and Quinapondan were former barangays of the municipality of Balangiga.