Botoșani County (Romanian pronunciation: [botoˈʃanʲ] ) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Western Moldavia (encompassing a few villages in neighbouring Suceava County from Bukovina to the west as well), with the county seat at Botoșani.

As of 31 October 2011, it had a population of 412,626 and the population density was 83/km.

• Botoșani County is situated between the rivers Siret and Prut, in the northeastern part of Romania, bordering Ukraine to the north and Moldova to the east. To the west and south it has borders with Suceava and Iași counties.
• It has a total area of 4,986 km (1,925 sq mi), comprising 2.1% of the Romanian territory.
• The relief is a high plain, between the valleys of the Siret and the Prut, and the latter's affluent, the Jijia River.
• It has a temperate climate, influenced by the eastern air masses of the continent.

• Republic of Moldova in the East – Edineț Raion.
• Suceava County in the West.
• Ukraine in the North – Chernivtsi Oblast.
• Iași County in the South.

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This is a predominantly agricultural county; the main industries are the textile industry, the food industry, the electrical components industry, and the glass and porcelain industry.

The Stânca–Costești Hydroelectric Power Station [ro] is one of the largest hydroelectric power plants in Romania. Work on it started in 1973, and it was completed in 1978, at the same time as the Stânca-Costești Dam. They are both situated on the Prut River, between Stânca in Botoșani County and Costești, Rîșcani.

The Botoșani County Council, renewed at the 2020 local elections, consists of 32 counsellors, with the following party composition:

	Party	Seats	Current County Council
	National Liberal Party (PNL)	15
	Social Democratic Party (PSD)	15
	PRO Romania (PRO)	2

Botoșani County has 2 municipalities, 5 towns and 71 communes:

• • Botoșani – capital city; population: 106,847 (as of 2011)
  • Dorohoi

Județul Botoșani
County (Județ)
The Botoșani County Prefecture building from the interwar period, currently the county museum.
Coat of arms
Country	Romania
Historic region	Moldavia
Capital city (Reședință de județ)	Botoșani
Area
• Total	3,077 km (1,188 sq mi)
Population  (1930)
• Total	218,258
• Density	71/km (180/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)

During the years between the world wars, the county extended over different territory than currently. It was located in the northeastern part of Romania, in the northeast of the region or Moldavia. The county included the southern part of the present county and the northern part of the current Iași County. It was bordered to the west by the counties of Suceava and Baia, to the north by Dorohoi, to the east by Bălți, and to the south with Iași.

In 1930, the county was divided into three districts (plăși):

1. Plasa Botoșani
2. Plasa Jijia
3. Plasa Siret

Administration was re-organized in 1938, comprising 4 districts:

1. Plasa Bucecea (with 52 villages, headquartered in Târgu Bucecea)
2. Plasa Răchiți (with 73 villages, headquartered in Botoșani)
3. Plasa Sulița (with 49 villages, headquartered in Hârlău)
4. Plasa Ștefănești (with 77 villages, headquartered in Ștefănești)

According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 218,258 inhabitants, ethnically, 88.8% were Romanians, 9.0% were Jews, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, 89.4% were Eastern Orthodox, 9.2% Jewish, 0.7% Roman Catholic, as well as other minorities.

In 1930, the county's urban population was 50,320 inhabitants, comprising ethnically 64.9% Romanians, 31.3% Jews, 0.9% Germans, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view, the urban population was composed of Eastern Orthodox (64.5%), Jewish (32.3%), Roman Catholic (2.1%), as well as other minorities.

Natives of the county include:

• Grigore Antipa (1866–1944), naturalist
• Teoctist Arăpașu (1915–2007), patriarch
• Gheorghe Avramescu (1884–1945), general
• Emil Bobu (1927–2014), politician
• Demostene Botez (1893–1973), poet
• Dimitrie Brândză (1846–1895), botanist
• Mihai Eminescu (1850–1889), poet
• George Enescu (1881–1955), composer
• Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940), historian and politician
• Ștefan Luchian (1868–1916), painter
• Gheorghe Moroșanu (b. 1950), mathematician
• Dimitrie Pompeiu (1873–1954), mathematician
• Alexandru Zub (b. 1934), historian

• 2010 Romanian floods
• Miletin River