The canton of Besançon-1 (French: canton de Besançon-1, [kɑ̃tɔ̃ də bəzɑ̃sɔ̃ œ̃]) is an administrative division of the Doubs department, eastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Besançon.

It consists of the following communes:

1. Avanne-Aveney
2. Besançon (partly)
3. Chemaudin et Vaux
4. Dannemarie-sur-Crète
5. Franois
6. Grandfontaine
7. Rancenay

47°13′N 5°58′E / 47.22°N 5.97°E / 47.22; 5.97