Chechen Autonomous Oblast (Chechen: Нохчийн автономин область, romanized: Noxçiyn avtonomin oblast; Russian: Чеченская автономная область, romanized: Chechenskaya avtonomnaya oblast'), or Autonomous Oblast of Chechnya (Russian: автономная область Чечни, romanized: avtonomnaya oblast' Chechni), was an autonomous oblast of the Russian SFSR, created on November 30, 1922 when it was separated from the Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. From 16 October 1924 it belonged to the North Caucasus Krai.

On January 15, 1934, the Chechen and Ingush Autonomous Oblasts were merged to form the Chechen–Ingush Autonomous Oblast.