Chernogolovka (Russian: Черноголо́вка) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Center of the town is located some 43 km (27 miles) northeast of the Moscow city limit and 59 km (37 miles) from Red Square. Its population in 2018 was 21,342.

Chernogolovka for the first time has been officially mentioned in 1710. In 1956, Chernogolovka grew into a scientific center with the help of Nobel Prize winner Nikolay Semyonov. Semyonov started the experimental branch of Moscow Institute of Chemical Physics, which in the 1960s–1970s grew into a scientific center. In 2001, Chernogolovka was granted town status and given the further status as a naukograd or science city in 2008.

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with nine rural localities, incorporated as Chernogolovka Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, Chernogolovka Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Chernogolovka Urban Okrug.

Chernogolovka does not have a rail link but long distance buses link the town to Moscow, Noginsk and Fryanovo.

Chernogolovka is a major Russian center of scientific research. It is home to a number of research institutions of the Russian Academy of Sciences:

• Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics [1]
• Institute of Solid State Physics [2]
• Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds [3]
• Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials [4] Archived October 27, 2004, at the Wayback Machine
• Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics
• Institute of Energy Problems for Chemical Physics [5]
• Institute of Experimental Mineralogy [6]
• Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science [7]

It is also the home of Ost-Company, which produces a broad range of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks which are exported worldwide. Napitki iz Chernogolovki, and others.

• Московская областная Дума. Закон №11/2013-ОЗ от 31 января 2013 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области», в ред. Закона №249/2019-ОЗ от 29 ноября 2019 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования (13 января 2013 г.). Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №24, 12 февраля 2013 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #11/2013-OZ of January 31, 2013 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Law #249/2019-OZ of November 29, 2019 On amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication (January 13, 2013).).

• Московская областная Дума. Закон №61/2005-ОЗ от 28 февраля 2005 г. «О статусе и границе городского округа Черноголовка», в ред. Закона №19/2010-ОЗ от 11 марта 2010 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границе городского округа Черноголовка"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №42, 10 марта 2005 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #61/2005-OZ of February 28, 2005 On the Status and the Border of Chernogolovka Urban Okrug, as amended by the Law #19/2010-OZ of March 11, 2010 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Border of Chernogolovka Urban Okrug". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

• Official website of Chernogolovka (in Russian)
• Chernogolovka Business Directory (in Russian)
• Chernogolovka Science Center (in Russian)