The Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic (Italian: Corte costituzionale della Repubblica Italiana) is the highest court of Italy in matters of constitutional law. Sometimes, the name Consulta is used as a metonym for it, because its sessions are held in Palazzo della Consulta in Rome.

The court is a post-World War II innovation, established by the republican Constitution of Italy in 1948, but it became operative only in 1955 after the enactment of the Constitutional Law n. 1 of 1953 and the Law n. 87 of 1953. It held its first hearing in 1956.

According to Article 134 of the Italian Constitution, the Court shall pass judgement on:

• controversies on the constitutional legitimacy of laws issued by the State and Regions and when the Court declares a law unconstitutional, the law ceases to have effect the day after the publication of the ruling;
• conflicts arising from allocation of powers of the State and those powers allocated to State and Regions, and between Regions;
• charges brought against the President.

Additionally, a handful of constitutional laws were promulgated to regulate the powers and functionality of the Court during the years. The most important being constitutional law n. 1/1953, which, among other things, extends the power of reviewing and approving referendum's requests to the Court. (Art. 2)

The constitutional Court passes on the constitutionality of laws with no right of appeal.

Since 12 October 2007, when reform of the Italian intelligence agencies approved in August 2007 came into force, the pretext of state secret cannot be used to deny access to documents by the Court.

The Constitutional Court is composed of 15 judges for the term of service of nine years: 5 appointed by the President, 5 elected by the Parliament of Italy and 5 elected by the ordinary and administrative supreme courts. Of those elected by the supreme courts, 3 are elected by the Supreme Court of Cassation (penal and civil justice), one is elected by the Court of Auditors, and one by the Council of State (supreme administrative court). Candidates need to be either lawyers with twenty years or more experience, full professors of law, or (even former) judges of the Supreme Administrative, Civil and Criminal tribunals. The members then elect the President of the Court. The President is elected from among its members in a secret ballot, by an absolute majority (8 votes in the case of a full court). If no person gets a majority, a runoff election between the two judges with the most votes occurs. The President of the Court appoints one or more vice-presidents to stand in for him in the event of his absence for any reason.

Appointed by

  President of Italy   Courts of Italy   Parliament of Italy

Portrait	Name	Profession	Appointed by	Appointed on	Date sworn in	End of term	Type of membership
	Augusto Barbera (1938– )	University professor	Parliament (17th Legislature)	16 December 2015	21 December 2015	21 December 2024	President (since 12 December 2023)
	Franco Modugno (1938– )	University professor	Parliament (17th Legislature)	16 December 2015	21 December 2015	21 December 2024	Vice president (since 12 December 2023)
	Giulio Prosperetti (1946– )	University professor, lawyer	Parliament (17th Legislature)	16 December 2015	21 December 2015	21 December 2024	Vice president (since 12 December 2023)
	Giovanni Amoroso (1949– )	Magistrate	Courts (Court of Cassation)	26 October 2017	13 November 2017	13 November 2026	Vice president (since 12 December 2023)
	Francesco Viganò (1966– )	University professor, lawyer	President (Sergio Mattarella)	24 February 2018	8 March 2018	8 March 2027	Judge
	Luca Antonini (1963– )	University professor, lawyer	Parliament (18th Legislature)	19 July 2018	26 July 2018	26 July 2027	Judge
	Stefano Petitti (1953–)	Magistrate	Courts (Court of Cassation)	28 November 2019	10 December 2019	10 December 2028	Judge
	Angelo Buscema (1952– )	Magistrate	Courts (Court of Audit)	12 July 2020	15 September 2020	15 September 2029	Judge
	Emanuela Navarretta (1966– )	University professor	President (Sergio Mattarella)	9 September 2020	15 September 2020	15 September 2029	Judge
	Maria Rosaria San Giorgio (1952– )	Magistrate	Courts (Court of Cassation)	16 December 2020	17 December 2020	17 December 2029	Judge
	Filippo Patroni Griffi (1955– )	Magistrate	Courts (Council of State)	15 December 2021	29 January 2022	29 January 2031	Judge
	Marco D'Alberti (1948– )	University professor	President (Sergio Mattarella)	15 September 2022	20 September 2022	20 September 2031	Judge
	Giovanni Pitruzzella (1959– )	University professor, lawyer	President (Sergio Mattarella)	10 November 2023	14 November 2023	14 November 2032	Judge
	Antonella Sciarrone Alibrandi (1965– )	University professor	President (Sergio Mattarella)	10 November 2023	14 November 2023	14 November 2032	Judge

• List of presidents of the Constitutional Court of Italy

• Official website

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