Exeter Bridge
History
Derby's original Exeter Bridge started life as a timber footbridge built by the Binghams of Exeter House, in order to access their gardens on the other side of the River Derwent. Exeter House was eventually demolished because of cost and to allow improvements to the bridge to be made.
The old Exeter Bridge was demolished in 1929 and replaced by a single-span concrete bridge designed by Charles Herbert Aslin of the City Architect's Department, who was also responsible for Derby's now demolished Art Deco-style bus station. During construction a test was carried out to see if it would hold the weight of the traffic. Civil engineers ran a procession of traction engines, steam rollers and heavy lorries across the bridge to check it could take the strain. It was officially opened by the minister of transport, Herbert Morrison on 13 March 1931.
Exeter Bridge features bas relief sculptures of:
- John Lombe, founder of the Silk Mill Museum, one of England's first modern factories, now a World Heritage site.
- William Hutton, who worked at the Silk Mill as a child before becoming a bookseller and writing the first published history of Derby in 1791.
- Herbert Spencer, born in Exeter Street, best known for coining the concept "survival of the fittest", which he did in Principles of Biology (1864), after reading Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species.
- Erasmus Darwin, physician, botanist and poet; Darwin lived in Derby for the last 20 years of his life, dying at Breadsall Priory. Like Hutton he was a radical thinker, supporting the American Revolution.
-
John Lombe -
William Hutton -
Herbert Spencer -
Erasmus Darwin
The sculptures were cast in Cheltenham by H.H. Martyn & Co.
See also
References
- ^ "First Exeter Bridge".
- ^ "Exeter House Panelling". Derby.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 9 October 2011.
- ^ "Four famous Derbeians". Archived from the original on 30 November 2009. Retrieved 27 June 2009.
- ^ "Letter 5145 — Darwin, C. R. to Wallace, A. R., 5 July (1866)". Darwin Correspondence Project. Retrieved 12 January 2010.
Maurice E. Stucke. "Better Competition Advocacy" (PDF). Retrieved 29 August 2007.Herbert Spencer in his Principles of Biology of 1864, vol. 1, p. 444, wrote "This survival of the fittest, which I have here sought to express in mechanical terms, is that which Mr. Darwin has called 'natural selection', or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life."
- ^ Whitaker, John (1968). The Best: History of H.H.Martyn and Co., Carvers in Wood, Stone and Marble, Casters in Bronze, Founders of Gloster Aircraft Ltd. Promenade Publications. p. 137. ISBN 0952938219.