Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh
History
The known history of Fatehpur is as old as the Vedic era. Alexander Cunningham has written about "Bhitaura" and "Asani" places of this district, while discussing about the residuals of the Vedic era. There are proofs that Chinese traveller Huen Tsang visited the Asani place of this district.
In the village Renh, which is 25 km south-west of Fatehpur town, some articles of archaeological interest have been found, from around 800 BC. Many articles like coins, bricks, idols etc. of the Maurya period, Kushan period and Gupta period have been found throughout the area, which are very important from the archaeological point of view. Golden coins of period of Chandragupta II have been recovered from village Bijauli. The bricks used in the fort of Asani are also of the Gupta Period. The Khajuha town, situated on Mughal road is a very old town. Its description has been found in the old Hindu scripture "Brahma Purana". Mahmud Ghaznavi is reported to have captured Fatehpur during his campaigns against the Gahadavala dynasty. In 1561 AD, Mughal emperor Humayun passed through this town while invading Jaunpur Sultanate. On 5 January 1659, Mughal emperor Aurangzeb had a fierce battle with his brother prince Shah Shuja and defeated him near this place, forcing him to flee to Burma. To celebrate the victory, he constructed a large beautiful garden "Badshahi Bagh" and a big lodge having 130 rooms.
During the Mughal regime, the control of Fatehpur shifted over time to the hands of Jaunpur, Delhi and Kannauj. In 1801, this region came under control of the East India Company, and in 1814 it was given the status of a sub-division (Paragana), while the headquarters were at Bhitaura, which is now a block office. In 1826, Fatehpur was re-designated as a district headquarters.
The Bawani Imli memorial built near Khajuha in Fatehpur has its own history. On 28 April 1858, the revolutionary Jodha Singh Ataiya and his 51 companions were hanged on a tamarind tree. It is also known as the second Jallianwala Bagh. Ataiya's memorial is in Khajuha.
Geography
Fatehpur is located at 25°56′N 80°48′E / 25.93°N 80.8°E. It has an average elevation of 110 metres (360 feet). This district is situated between two important cities - Allahabad and Kanpur - of Uttar Pradesh. It is well connected with those cities by train route as well as bus route. The distance from Allahabad is 117 km (73 mi) and 76 km (47 mi) from Kanpur. It lies in fertile land also known as 'Doaba' between Ganges and Yamuna. National Highway 19(NH-19) goes through the city. It is the junction for going to Banda, Prayagraj, Kanpur and Raebareli.
Climate
| Climate data for Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh (1981–2010, extremes 1932–2012) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.2 (90.0) |
35.5 (95.9) |
41.7 (107.1) |
45.8 (114.4) |
47.2 (117.0) |
48.1 (118.6) |
44.0 (111.2) |
41.0 (105.8) |
40.0 (104.0) |
38.9 (102.0) |
36.4 (97.5) |
31.1 (88.0) |
48.1 (118.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) |
26.2 (79.2) |
32.3 (90.1) |
38.5 (101.3) |
40.7 (105.3) |
39.0 (102.2) |
34.2 (93.6) |
32.9 (91.2) |
32.9 (91.2) |
32.6 (90.7) |
28.8 (83.8) |
23.9 (75.0) |
32.0 (89.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8.5 (47.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.0 (60.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
25.1 (77.2) |
26.1 (79.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.9 (76.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
9.6 (49.3) |
18.9 (66.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −1.7 (28.9) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
1.7 (35.1) |
7.4 (45.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
15.4 (59.7) |
15.1 (59.2) |
14.6 (58.3) |
12.4 (54.3) |
10.5 (50.9) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 15.3 (0.60) |
13.3 (0.52) |
8.1 (0.32) |
6.1 (0.24) |
12.7 (0.50) |
84.2 (3.31) |
213.2 (8.39) |
233.8 (9.20) |
190.8 (7.51) |
33.2 (1.31) |
0.5 (0.02) |
7.6 (0.30) |
818.9 (32.24) |
| Average rainy days | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 3.9 | 11.1 | 10.5 | 8.2 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 41.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 69 | 62 | 49 | 39 | 40 | 52 | 75 | 80 | 78 | 68 | 66 | 69 | 63 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department | |||||||||||||
Demographics
As of 2011 census, Fatehpur City had a population of 193,193 out of which males were 101,263 and females were 91,930. The literacy rate was 76.50 per cent. Bahuwa Town had a population of 11,031 with 69.67% literacy rate. There are 528 villages in Fatehpur Tehsil with population of 892,229 with 65.51% literacy rate.
Transport
Airways
Kanpur Airport is the nearest airport which is about 70 kilometres away. Allahabad Airport is the second nearest airport about 117 kilometres away.
Railways
Fatehpur railway station serves the city and is on the Howrah-Delhi main line. This is an A-Category railway station under the North Central Railway zone.
Roadways
Fatehpur has inter state bus station. NH 19 bypasses the city. NH 232 also passes through the city.
Notable people
- VP Singh, the 7th prime minister of India, was elected to Parliament from Fatehpur.
- Sohan Lal Dwivedi, the great national poet of India
- Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
- Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti, Minister of State for Food Processing Industries in Modi 1.0 Government.
References
- ^ "Welcome to Nagar Palika Parishad, Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh". Nagar Palika Parishad, Fatehpur. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
- ^ "Uttar Pradesh (India): State, Major Agglomerations & Cities – Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
- ^ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
- ^ "Bawani Imali". District Fatehpur, Government of Uttar Pradesh - India. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ^ "Bavani Imali Fatehpur: On this day 52 revolutionaries were hanged on the land of Fatehpur". Yugantar Pravah. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
- ^ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Fatehpur, India". www.fallingrain.com. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
- ^ "District Fatehpur, Government of Uttar Pradesh | The City of Doaba | India". FATEHPUR. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
- ^ "Station: Fatehpur Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 273–274. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M214. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2020.
- ^ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above". Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
- ^ "Fatehpur Tehsil Population, Religion, Caste Fatehpur district, Uttar Pradesh - Census of 2011 India". www.censusindia.co.in. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
- ^ "PM Modi to inaugurate Raebareli-Fatehpur-Banda section of NH-232". ANI News. 14 December 2018. Retrieved 7 April 2020.