Porosities in the orbital roof (cribra orbitalia) are among the most frequent pathological lesions found in ancient skeletal populations. Characterized by localized areas of spongy or porous bone tissue, the reason is often contributed to anemia (iron deficiency), but also scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) and rickets (vitamin D deficiency). It can therefore be used to diagnose some sort of dietary deficiency in ancient populations, as well as an indicator of infectious disease and childhood stress.

The picture was taken for and used in a master thesis in Osteoarchaeology, focusing on paleopathology.