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File:Flag Of The Syrian Social Nationalist Party.svg

The red hurricane (zawba'a)
The SSNP emblem and flag features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), which was was modeled after the Nazi swastika. Like the Nazi flag, it uses the three colors red, white, and black, comparable to similar fascist-inspired movements such as the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging. ↑ Ya’ari, Ehud (June 1987). "Behind the Terror". Atlantic Monthly. "[The SSNP] greet their leaders with a Hitlerian salute; sing their Arabic anthem, "Greetings to You, Syria," to the strains of "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles"; and throng to the symbol of the red hurricane, a swastika in circular motion." ↑ Pipes, Daniel (1992) Greater Syria, Oxford University Press ISBN 0195060229 "The SSNP flag, which features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), points to the party's fascistic origins." ↑ Rolland, John C. (2003) Lebanon, Nova Publishers ISBN 1590338715 "[The SSNP's] red hurricane symbol was modeled after the Nazi swastika." ↑ Johnson, Michael (2001) All Honourable Men, I.B.Tauris ISBN 1860647154 "Saadeh, the party's 'leader for life', was an admirer of Adolf Hitler and influenced by Nazi and fascist ideology. This went beyond adopting a reversed swastika as the party's symbol and singing the party's anthem to Deutschland über alles, and included developing the cult of a leader, advocating totalitarian government, and glorifying an ancient pre-Christan past and the organic whole of the Syrian Volk or nation." ↑ Becker, Jillian (1984) The PLO: The Rise and Fall of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Weidenfeld and Nicolson ISBN 0297785478 "[The SSNP] had been founded in 1932 as a youth movement, deliberately modeled on Hitler's Nazi Party. For its symbol it invented a curved swastika, called the Zawbah." ↑ Yamak, Labib Zuwiyya (1966) The Syrian Social Nationalist Party: An Ideological Analysis, Harvard University Press ↑ Simon, Reeva S. (1996) Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East, Macmillan Reference USA ISBN 0028960114 "The Syrian Social Nationalist party (SSNP) was the brainchild of Antun Sa'ada, a Greek Orthodox Lebanese who was inspired by Nazi and fascist ideologies." ↑ Nikki R. Keddie (2006) Princeton University Press , ed. Women in the Middle East: Past and Present (illustrated ed.), p. 97 ISBN: 0691128634. "The leading Nazi-influenced group was the Syrian National Party" ↑ Matthias Küntzel, Colin Meade (2007) Telos Press Publishing , ed. Jihad and Jew-hatred: Islamism, Nazism and the Roots of 9/11, p. 26 ISBN: 0914386360. "Back in 1932 Antun Saadeh had founded the Syrian People's Party which asserted the superiority of Syrians over other peoples and followed Nazi models even in its outward expressions, a swastika-like flag, the open-handed salute, etc."

The red hurricane (zawba'a)

The SSNP emblem and flag features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), which was was modeled after the Nazi swastika. Like the Nazi flag, it uses the three colors red, white, and black, comparable to similar fascist-inspired movements such as the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging.

↑ Ya’ari, Ehud (June 1987). "Behind the Terror". Atlantic Monthly. "[The SSNP] greet their leaders with a Hitlerian salute; sing their Arabic anthem, "Greetings to You, Syria," to the strains of "Deutschland, Deutschland über alles"; and throng to the symbol of the red hurricane, a swastika in circular motion."
↑ Pipes, Daniel (1992) Greater Syria, Oxford University Press ISBN 0195060229 "The SSNP flag, which features a curved swastika called the red hurricane (zawba'a), points to the party's fascistic origins."
↑ Rolland, John C. (2003) Lebanon, Nova Publishers ISBN 1590338715 "[The SSNP's] red hurricane symbol was modeled after the Nazi swastika."
↑ Johnson, Michael (2001) All Honourable Men, I.B.Tauris ISBN 1860647154 "Saadeh, the party's 'leader for life', was an admirer of Adolf Hitler and influenced by Nazi and fascist ideology. This went beyond adopting a reversed swastika as the party's symbol and singing the party's anthem to Deutschland über alles, and included developing the cult of a leader, advocating totalitarian government, and glorifying an ancient pre-Christan past and the organic whole of the Syrian Volk or nation."
↑ Becker, Jillian (1984) The PLO: The Rise and Fall of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Weidenfeld and Nicolson ISBN 0297785478 "[The SSNP] had been founded in 1932 as a youth movement, deliberately modeled on Hitler's Nazi Party. For its symbol it invented a curved swastika, called the Zawbah."
↑ Yamak, Labib Zuwiyya (1966) The Syrian Social Nationalist Party: An Ideological Analysis, Harvard University Press
↑ Simon, Reeva S. (1996) Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East, Macmillan Reference USA ISBN 0028960114 "The Syrian Social Nationalist party (SSNP) was the brainchild of Antun Sa'ada, a Greek Orthodox Lebanese who was inspired by Nazi and fascist ideologies."
↑ Nikki R. Keddie (2006) Princeton University Press , ed. Women in the Middle East: Past and Present (illustrated ed.), p. 97 ISBN: 0691128634. "The leading Nazi-influenced group was the Syrian National Party"
↑ Matthias Küntzel, Colin Meade (2007) Telos Press Publishing , ed. Jihad and Jew-hatred: Islamism, Nazism and the Roots of 9/11, p. 26 ISBN: 0914386360. "Back in 1932 Antun Saadeh had founded the Syrian People's Party which asserted the superiority of Syrians over other peoples and followed Nazi models even in its outward expressions, a swastika-like flag, the open-handed salute, etc."

Date 12 May 2008 Source Own work Author Lexicon, original GIF from Soman at en.wikipedia SVG development

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	Date/Time	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	21:51, 19 October 2023	600 × 400 (3 KB)	NorthTension	Reverted to version as of 05:57, 28 August 2011 (UTC) woopsie
	21:50, 19 October 2023	599 × 599 (2 KB)	NorthTension	color
	05:57, 28 August 2011	600 × 400 (3 KB)	Fry1989	red
	01:18, 28 February 2010	600 × 400 (2 KB)	Izzedine	Reverted to version as of 06:41, 12 May 2008
	01:16, 28 February 2010	600 × 400 (30 KB)	Izzedine	fix error
	01:11, 28 February 2010	744 × 1,052 (30 KB)	Izzedine	refine
	06:41, 12 May 2008	600 × 400 (2 KB)	Lexicon	{{Information \|Description={{en\|Flag of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party}} \|Source=Self-made \|Date=2008-05-12 \|Author=Lexicon, original GIF from Soman at [http://en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia] \|Permission=PD-LEBANON.

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