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  • 21 Aug, 2019

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Fort Bainbridge

Fort Bainbridge was an earthen fort located along the Federal Road on what is today the county line between Macon and Russell counties in Alabama. Fort Bainbridge was located twenty-five miles west of Fort Mitchell.

History

Creek War

Fort Bainbridge was named in honor of naval captain William Bainbridge. Fort Bainbridge was built in the style of a bastion fort with eight outcroppings. The bastions were surrounded by a ditch that was filled with pickets and the fort was entered by a drawbridge. It was constructed in March 1814 by North Carolina militia under the command of General Joseph Graham in an effort to protect the supply route from Fort Hull to Fort Mitchell. Captain Jett Thomas directed the fort's construction. Fort Bainbridge allowed supply wagons to travel between Fort Mitchell and Hull in one-day intervals and was garrisoned by 100 to 300 troops. Fort Bainbridge was garrisoned by Tennessee militia until July 31, 1814.

Postwar

In 1820 on his North American tour, Adam Hodgson described Fort Bainbridge as being a "small stockaded mound". Captain Kendall Lewis (who commanded Benjamin Hawkins' scouts), along with his Creek chief father-in law, Big Warrior, operated a tavern as a stagecoach stop about 400 yards west of Fort Bainbridge, which stayed open under the care of Lewis' widow until at least 1836. During his return tour, the Marquis de Lafayette stayed at the Lewis Tavern for his first night in Alabama. Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach stayed at the Lewis Tavern on his 1826 travels through North America. The site of the fort also lies along naturalist William Bartram's four-year journey through the Southern United States, during which he documented the flora, fauna and Native Americans of the area. The fort site was later used as a plantation.

Fort Bainbridge (located in the center) as portrayed in Henry Schenck Tanner's 1830 The Traveler's Pocket Map of Alabama.

Present

Today, it remains unmarked and its legacy lies in a small unincorporated community, Boromville, that developed from it. Though unmarked, the location is known and the area has been damaged by relic hunters.

References

  1. ^ Harris 1977, pp. 36.
  2. ^ Jackson 1927, pp. 23.
  3. ^ Bunn & Williams 2008, pp. 42.
  4. ^ Brannon, Peter A. (April 17, 1932). "Fort Bainbridge, In Russell". The Montgomery Advertiser. Montgomery, Alabama. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
  5. ^ Waselkov & Christopher 2012, pp. 42.
  6. ^ Waselkov & Christopher 2012, pp. 222.
  7. ^ Brannon, Peter A. (April 17, 1932). "Fort Bainbridge, In Russell". The Montgomery Advertiser. Montgomery, Alabama. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
  8. ^ Owsley 2008, pp. 60.
  9. ^ "Stage Stops and Taverns of Early Alabama Prior to 1840". Genealogy Trails. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  10. ^ "Alabama threw parties for Lafayette [photographs] and Selma played a prank on the citizens of their town". Alabama Pioneers. 3 May 2016. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  11. ^ Waselkov & Christopher 2012, pp. 204.
  12. ^ Bartram Trail Conference 1979, pp. 134.
  13. ^ Braund, Waselkov & Christopher 2019, pp. 100.
  14. ^ "Highlights". The Ridge Macon County Archaeology Project. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  15. ^ Braund 2012, pp. 249.

Sources