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The administrative units of Pakistan comprise four provinces, one federal territory, and two disputed territories: the provinces of Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan; the Islamabad Capital Territory; and the administrative territories of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan. As part of the Kashmir conflict with neighbouring India, Pakistan has also claimed sovereignty over the Indian-controlled territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh since the First Kashmir War of 1947–1948. It also has a territorial dispute with India over Junagadh, but has never exercised administrative authority over either regions. All of Pakistan's provinces and territories are subdivided into divisions, which are further subdivided into districts, and then tehsils, which are again further subdivided into union councils.

Pakistan inherited the territory comprising its current provinces from India following the Partition of India on 14 August 1947. Two days after independence, the Muslim-majority Murshidabad district in Bengal was moved out of the Dominion of Pakistan and put within the Dominion of India due to a boundary adjustment by the Radcliffe Commission which was aimed at keeping the Hooghly River entirely within India. At its inception, Pakistan consisted of two wings, which were separated from each other by around 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) of Indian territory. The western wing consisted of a merger of the North-West Frontier Province, West Punjab, Sind Province, and Baluchistan CCP. The eastern wing consisted of East Bengal. What later became the Princely states of Pakistan chose at first to remain independent.

In 1948, Karachi was separated from Sind Province to form the Federal Capital Territory. In 1950, the North-West Frontier Province absorbed the princely states of Amb and Phulra while West Punjab (designated 'West' to distinguish it from India's Punjab in the east) was renamed to simply Punjab. In 1952, the four princely states in the southwest formed the Baluchistan States Union.

In 1955, the One Unit policy was launched by then-Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra, whereby all the provinces and princely states of the western wing were merged to form the provincial wing of West Pakistan, with Lahore serving as its provincial capital. Simultaneously, East Bengal was redesignated as East Pakistan, with Dacca serving as its provincial capital. The One Unit policy aimed to reduce expenditure and to eliminate provincial prejudices, but the military coup of 1958 brought difficulties when the first military President, Ayub Khan, abolished the office of the Chief Minister of West Pakistan in favour of Governor rule.

On 7 September 1958, after four years of negotiations (including six months of intense negotiations), Pakistan purchased the enclave of Gwadar from Oman for ₨.5.5 billion (US$3 million; approximately $22,410,311.42 in 2017). Gwadar formally became a part of Pakistan on 8 December 1958, ending 174 years of Omani rule. In 1960, the federal capital was moved from Karachi to Rawalpindi and in 1961, the Federal Capital Territory was also merged into West Pakistan. In 1966, the capital was again moved to the newly constructed city of Islamabad. In 1962, Dacca was made the legislative capital of the country due to East Pakistan's high population. Following the 1963 Sino–Pakistan Agreement, a part of the Gilgit Agency (controlled by Pakistan since the First Kashmir War) was formally relinquished by Pakistan to the People's Republic of China (the Trans-Karakoram Tract/Shaksgam Valley in northeastern Kashmir) with the provision that the settlement was subject to the final solution of the Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan.

In 1970, the second military President, Yahya Khan, abolished the political structure of West Pakistan and established four new provinces: Sindh, Punjab, Balochistan and the North-West Frontier Province. In 1971, the Bengali-majority wing of East Pakistan seceded from the Pakistani union following the Bangladesh Liberation War, consequently forming the independent People's Republic of Bangladesh. In 1974, the remaining princely states of Hunza and Nagar were abolished and their territories merged into the Gilgit Agency, following which the Northern Areas were formed. In 1975, portions of the districts of Peshawar and Dera Ismail Khan were separated to form the Federally Administered Tribal Areas. In 1981, the region surrounding Islamabad was separated from Punjab province, and renamed to the Islamabad Capital Territory.

In August 2000, divisions were abolished as part of a plan to restructure local governments, followed by elections in 2001. Many of the functions previously handled at a provincial level had been transferred to individual districts and tehsils. In 2008, the government restored the former divisions and appointed commissioners.

In 2009, the Northern Areas were renamed to Gilgit-Baltistan, and retained its formal status as an autonomous territory. In 2010, the North-West Frontier Province was formally renamed to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In 2018, the National Assembly of Pakistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Provincial Assembly passed the historic FATA Merger Bill with the Twenty-Fifth Constitutional Amendment. On 31 May 2018, the final step in the merger of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was completed, as then-President Mamnoon Hussain signed the 25th Constitutional Amendment Bill into law. The amendment's signing abolished the Federally Administered Tribal Areas as a separate political entity and merged them into the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

The diagram below outlines the six tiers of government:

Country (i.e. Pakistan)

Province (e.g. Punjab Province)

Division (e.g. Rawalpindi Division)

District (e.g. Jhelum District)

Tehsil (e.g. Sohawa Tehsil)

Union Council (e.g. Domeli U.C.)

The Provinces and administrative territories of Pakistan are subdivided into administrative "divisions", Divisional Commissioner is the administrative head of a division. Divisional Commissioner is appointed by the government of Pakistan from Pakistan Administrative Service

The District Coordination Officer is the administrative head of the District Administration. They have wide-ranging responsibility for overseeing, improving and directing the approved plans of the District Government.

The Zila Nazim used to be the executive head of the District Administration until 2010 when the government gave their powers to the District Coordination Officers also. Their role is similar to district governor or prefect, with responsibility for implementing government strategy and developing initiatives arising out of it.

In order to decentralize administrative and financial authority to be accountable to Local Governments, for good governance, effective delivery of services, and transparent decision making through institutionalized participation of the people at grassroots level, elections to the local government institutions are held after every four years on none party basis by the Chief Election Commissioner of Pakistan.

Among the three tiers of local government, tehsil government is the second tier. It is where the functions, responsibilities, and authorities of districts government are divided into smaller units, these units are known as "tehsils". The tehsils are used all over Pakistan except Sindh province where the word "taluka" is used instead, although the functions and authorities are the same. The head of the Tehsil government is "Tehsil Nazim" who is assisted by the tehsil Naib-Nazim. Every tehsil has a Tehsil Municipal Administration, consisting of a tehsil council, Tehsil Nazim, tehsil/taluka municipal officer (TMO), chief officer and other officials of the local council.

Members of the union council including Union Administrator and Vice Union Administrator are elected through direct elections based on adult franchise and on the basis of joint electorate. However, for the election to the reserved seats for women in Zila Council proportionately divided among tehsils or towns shall be all members of the union councils in a tehsil or town. It is the responsibility of the Chief Election Commissioner to organize and conduct these elections.

Name (English)	Name (Urdu)	Abbr.	Capital and largest city	Emblem	Flag	Map	Map Key	Population Census March 2017	Population Census March 2023	Area (km)	Density (/km) 2017
Azad Jammu and Kashmir	آزاد جموں و کشمیر	AJK	Muzaffarabad				6	4,045,366		13,297	304.23
Balochistan	بلوچستان	BA	Quetta				1	12,335,129	14,894,402	347,190	35.53
Gilgit-Baltistan	گلگت بلتستان	GB	Gilgit				7	1,492,924		72,496	20.59
Islamabad Capital Territory	اسلام آباد دار الحکومت	IS / ICT	Islamabad	N/A	N/A		5	2,003,368	2,363,863	906	2,211.22
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa	خیبر پختونخوا	KP / KPK	Peshawar				2	35,501,964	40,856,097	101,741	348.94
Punjab	پنجاب	PB	Lahore				3	109,989,655	127,688,922	205,345	535.63
Sindh	سندھ	SD	Karachi				4	47,854,510	55,696,147	140,914	339.60
Pakistan	پاکستان	PAK	Islamabad					213,222,916	241,499,431	881,889	241.78

Note: (a) 2023 Population total excludes Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan

Name (English)	Name (Urdu)	Capital and largest city	Emblem	Flag	Map
Jammu and Kashmir	جموں و کشمیر	Srinagar	N/A	N/A
Junagadh	جونا گڑھ	Junagadh

• Bahawalpur Province
• South Punjab Province
• South Balochistan
• Karachi Province / Jinnahpur Province
• Hazara Province
• Gilgit-Baltistan Province / Balawaristan Province / Karakoram Province
• Review of the Divisions of Pakistan for New Provinces

• Abbreviations of administrative units of Pakistan
• Cantonment (Pakistan), permanent military stations, which may include significant civilian populations
• Former administrative units of Pakistan
• Former princely states of Pakistan
• ISO 3166-2:PK
• List of administrative units of Pakistan by Human Development Index
• List of capitals in Pakistan
• List of cities in Pakistan by population
• List of Pakistani administrative units by gross state product
• List of Pakistani administrative divisions by highest elevation
• Local government in Pakistan
  • Divisions of Pakistan
  • Districts of Pakistan
  • Tehsils of Pakistan
  • Union councils of Pakistan

• Government of Azad Jammu & Kashmir
• Government of Balochistan
• Government of Gilgit-Baltistan
• Government of Islamabad Capital Territory Archived 22 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine
• Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
• Government of Punjab
• Government of Sindh Archived 31 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine