Francisco Leona
Background
At the time, it was believed that drinking the blood of a human child and using their body fat as cataplasm was a remedy for tuberculosis.
Francisco Ortega El Moruno (The Moor) had recently been diagnosed with tuberculosis and was desperately seeking a cure. He visited the local curandera Agustina Rodriguez, who in turn sent for the barber and healer Francisco Leona. Leona, who also had a criminal record, agreed to cure Ortega in exchange for 3000 reales.
Leona and Julio El Tonto (The Fool) Hernández, a son of Agustina the healer, offered to find a child. On the evening of June 27, 1910, Francisco Leona kidnapped Bernardo Gonzalez Parra, a seven-year old-from Rioja, drugged him with chloroform and put him in a sack.
Murder
A brother of Julio "Tonto" Hernández, Joseph Hernández, was to advise the client Ortega, leaving his wife Elena to make dinner.
While Julio Hernández el Tonto distracted him, Leona covered the mouth of Bernardo Gonzalez Parra with a handkerchief bathed in chloroform. After that, both of them introduced Bernardo to a gunny sack to move him to a cortijo. Leona lay Bernardo down on a table, and held by the others, he stabbed him in the armpit while Agustina Rodríguez picked up the blood with a cooking pot and gave to Francisco Ortega.
Ortega mixed his blood with sugar and drank it. After that they took the boy to a place known as Las Pocicas where Leona killed him, crushing his skull with a rock. Then he extracted fat and mesentery to make a compress to apply to Ortega's chest.
To finish the ritual, Bernardo's body was concealed in a crevice, unburied but covered with herbs and stones, located in Las Pocicas.
When distributing the actual 3000 Ortega paid him for his services, Leona didn't share it out equally so Julio Hernández resorted to authorities and declared the crime.
Realizing Leona's intentions, Hernández told the Civil Guard who had seen the body of a child while he was chasing partridges.
Judicial and police intervention
When law enforcement officers arrived, the people of Gádor turned Leona over to them, as he was known for his illegal and occult practices. During court proceedings, Leona indicted el Tonto Hernández in his testimony, who in turn did the same to Leona. Finally, after multiple excuses, both confessed to the crime.
Most of the perpetrators were executed by hanging. Leona was sentenced to death by garrote, but died in prison. The client, Ortega, and Agustina, the curandera, were both sentenced to death. Joseph Hernández, was sentenced to 17 years in prison while his wife, Elena, was acquitted. Julio el Tonto was sentenced to death, too, but received a pardon on grounds of insanity following a psychiatric report.
Francisco Leona Romero
Francisco Leona | |
|---|---|
 Leona c. 1910 | |
| Born | Francisco Leona Romero 1835 Spain |
| Died | 1910 (aged 75) |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Occupation(s) | Barber and curandero |
| Criminal status | Deceased |
| Conviction(s) | Murder |
| Criminal penalty | Death |
| Details | |
| Victims | Bernardo González Parra |
| Date | June 28, 1910 |
| Country | Spain |
| State(s) | Almería |
| Location(s) | Gádor |
| Target(s) | To kidnap a boy |
Francisco Leona (1835–1910) was a Spanish child killer, barber, curandero, and Sacamantecas from the region of Gádor, Almería, who was arrested and convicted of murdering seven-year-old Bernardo Gonzalez Parra for the purpose of using the boy's blood and fat as a tuberculosis treatment for a wealthy farmer, Francisco Ortega.
Aftermath
This crime gave rise to the terms Hombre del saco and Sacamantecas, because the kidnapers used a gunny sack to carry the child. It was defined as "medical crime", inspired by folk beliefs about the medicinal properties of human blood and children's manteca.
A TV episode named El sacamantecas was released in 1986. A documentary directed by Juan Francisco Viruega and named La cicatriz was released on 21 November 2019 during the Festival de Cine de Almería.
See also
References
- ^ Jiménez Elizari, Iker (April 6, 2006). "Jáncanas y brujas: Señoras de la magia". El paraíso maldito. EDAF. p. 199. ISBN 9788441417724.
- ^ Costa, Pedro (January 1, 2006). Caño, Antonio (ed.). "La vampira del carrer Ponent". El País (in Spanish). Ediciones El País, S.L. ISSN 0213-4608. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
- ^ Campos Herrero 2016, p. 49.
- ^ Sanz y Díaz, José (1984). "Etnografía negra. El crimen que dio lugar a la leyenda de "El Sacamantecas"". Revista de Folklore. 4b (47). Valladolid: 171–174. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
- ^ Fernández Juárez 2008, p. 22.
- ^ Campos Herrero 2016, p. 50.
- ^ García Bautista 2015, p. 16.
- ^ García Bautista 2015, p. 17.
- ^ García Bautista 2015, p. 18.
- ^ Campos Herrero 2016, p. 51.
- ^ Soler Cervantes, Milagros. "El crimen de Gádor (Almería)". Cultura en Andalucía (in Spanish). Retrieved February 22, 2015.
- ^ Gómez Aracil, Miguel (November 25, 2009). Vampiros: Mito y realidad de los no muertos. EDAF. p. 139. ISBN 9788441421622.
- ^ Soler Cervantes, Milagros. "El crimen de Gádor (Almería)". Cultura en Andalucía (in Spanish). Retrieved February 22, 2015.
- ^ Ayala Sörense, Federico (September 25, 2014). Expósiot, Ángel (ed.). "El verdadero "Hombre del Saco"". ABC (in Spanish). Diario ABC, S.L. Archived from the original on April 4, 2019. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
- ^ Fernández Juárez 2008, p. 61.
- ^ Caro Baroja, Julio (1993). "Notas de viajes por Andalucía". In Carreira, Antonio (ed.). De etnología andaluza. Diputación Provincial de Málaga. p. 179. ISBN 9788477850892.
- ^ "Página de sucesos - El sacamantecas". Radio Televisión Española (in Spanish). 10 January 1986. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
- ^ "'La cicatriz' del crimen de Gádor en un documental". La Voz de Almería. 6 July 2019. Retrieved 19 July 2019.
- ^ Pérez, R. (2 November 2019). ""El sacamantecas", un crimen aterrador después de un siglo". ABC (in Spanish). Vocento. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
Bibliography
- Fernández Juárez, Gerardo (2008). Kharisiris en acción: cuerpo, persona y modelos médicos en el Altiplano de Bolivia. Editorial Abya Yala. p. 283. ISBN 9789978227213.
- García Bautista, José Manuel (June 16, 2015). Guía de la Andalucía mágica: Lugares legendarios y paranormales del sur de España. Grupo Planeta Spain. pp. 15–18. ISBN 9788415864714.
- Campos Herrero, Joaquín (February 23, 2016). ¿Quién agota mis pilas?. Punto Rojo Libros. pp. 49–51. ISBN 9781635035414.