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  • 21 Aug, 2019

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GD 165
GD 165 is a binary white dwarf and brown dwarf system located in the Boötes constellation, roughly 109 light-years from Earth. Neither of the stars have any known exoplanets.

Nomenclature and observation

The system GD 165 is named after Henry L. Giclas, an American Astronomer who lived throughout the 20th century.

GD 165 B was discovered in 1988 by Becklin and Zuckerman at the University of California, Los Angeles. GD 165 B was the first brown dwarf discovered to be cooler than M-Type stars and was initially assigned the spectral type ≥M10. It would not be recognized as a brown dwarf until 1999, when new spectral types L-Type and T-Type for objects cooler than M-type stars were established, reclassifying GD 165 B as L4.

Physical properties

GD 165 A is a pulsating white dwarf with a temperature of about 12,100 K, a mass of 0.64 M☉, and a radius of 0.0124 R☉. GD 165 A has an extremely dim luminosity of 0.0030L☉, making it completely invisible to the naked eye.

GD 165 B is an L-Type Brown Dwarf with a temperature of about 1,750 K, a mass of about 63 MJ, and a radius of 1.00 RJ. GD 165B is separated by 123±12 astronomical units from its host white dwarf. It is the second closest spacially resolved brown dwarf after PHL 5038, which has a separation of around 69 AU. It produces almost no light and is completely invisible to the naked eye.

A broad band optical light curve for GD 165, adapted from Giammichele et al. (2015)

See also

Other cooler than M brown dwarfs, discovered before 1998:

References

  1. ^ "V* CX Boo -- Pulsating White Dwarf". SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2013-09-23.
  2. ^ Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Beichman, Charles A.; Skrutskie, Michael F. (1997). "The Coolest Isolated M Dwarf and Other 2MASS Discoveries". The Astrophysical Journal. 476 (1): 311–318. Bibcode:1997ApJ...476..311K. doi:10.1086/303613.
  3. ^ Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Reid, I. Neill; Liebert, James; Cutri, Roc M.; Nelson, Brant; Beichman, Charles A.; Dahn, Conard C.; Monet, David G.; Gizis, John E.; Skrutskie, Michael F. (1999). "Dwarfs Cooler than "M": The Definition of Spectral Type "L" Using Discoveries from the 2 Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS)" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 519 (2): 802–833. Bibcode:1999ApJ...519..802K. doi:10.1086/307414. S2CID 73569208.
  4. ^ Pauli, E.-M.; Napiwotzki, R.; Heber, U.; Altmann, M.; Odenkirchen, M. (February 2006). "3D kinematics of white dwarfs from the SPY project. II". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 447 (1): 173–184. arXiv:astro-ph/0510494. Bibcode:2006A&A...447..173P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20052730. ISSN 0004-6361.
  5. ^ Gaia Collaboration (2018-08-01). "Gaia Data Release 2 - Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616: A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 49211658.
  6. ^ Giammichele, N.; Fontaine, G.; Brassard, P.; Charpinet, S. (March 2016). "A New Analysis of the Two Classical ZZ Ceti White Dwarfs GD 165 and Ross 548. II. Seismic Modeling". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 223 (1): 10. Bibcode:2016ApJS..223...10G. doi:10.3847/0067-0049/223/1/10. ISSN 0067-0049. S2CID 124354534.
  7. ^ Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Allard, France; Bida, Tom; Zuckerman, Ben; Becklin, E. E.; Chabrier, Gilles; Baraffe, Isabelle (July 1999). "An Improved Optical Spectrum and New Model FITS of the Likely Brown Dwarf GD 165B". Astrophysical Journal. 519 (2): 834–843. Bibcode:1999ApJ...519..834K. doi:10.1086/307380. ISSN 0004-637X.
  8. ^ Filippazzo, Joseph C.; Rice, Emily L.; Faherty, Jacqueline; Cruz, Kelle L.; Van Gordon, Mollie M.; Looper, Dagny L. (September 2015). "Fundamental Parameters and Spectral Energy Distributions of Young and Field Age Objects with Masses Spanning the Stellar to Planetary Regime". Astrophysical Journal. 810 (2): 158. arXiv:1508.01767. Bibcode:2015ApJ...810..158F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/810/2/158. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 89611607.
  9. ^ Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects. GD entry. SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg.
  10. ^ Becklin, E. E.; Zuckerman, B. (1988). "A low-temperature companion to a white dwarf star". Nature. 336 (Dec. 15, 1988): 656–658. Bibcode:1988Natur.336..656B. doi:10.1038/336656a0. S2CID 4358564.
  11. ^ Dahn, C. C.; Harris, Hugh C.; Vrba, Frederick J.; Guetter, Harry H.; Canzian, Blaise; Henden, Arne A.; Levine, Stephen E.; Luginbuhl, Christian B.; Monet, Alice K. B.; Monet, David G.; Pier, Jeffrey R.; Stone, Ronald C.; Walker, Richard L.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Gizis, John E.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Liebert, James; Reid, I. Neill (2002). "Astrometry and Photometry for Cool Dwarfs and Brown Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (2): 1170–1189. arXiv:astro-ph/0205050. Bibcode:2002AJ....124.1170D. doi:10.1086/341646. S2CID 119485007.
  12. ^ French, Jenni R.; Casewell, Sarah L.; Dupuy, Trent J.; Debes, John H.; Manjavacas, Elena; Martin, Emily C.; Xu, Siyi (2023-03-01). "Discovery of a resolved white dwarf-brown dwarf binary with a small projected separation: SDSS J222551.65+001637.7AB". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 519 (4): 5008–5016. arXiv:2301.02101. Bibcode:2023MNRAS.519.5008F. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac3807. ISSN 0035-8711.
  13. ^ Burgasser, Adam J.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Brown, Michael E.; Reid, I. Neill; Burrows, Adam; Liebert, James; Matthews, Keith; Gizis, John E.; Dahn, Conard C.; Monet, David G.; Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F. (2002). "The Spectra of T Dwarfs. I. Near-Infrared Data and Spectral Classification". The Astrophysical Journal. 564 (1): 421–451. arXiv:astro-ph/0108452. Bibcode:2002ApJ...564..421B. doi:10.1086/324033. S2CID 9273465.
  14. ^ Nakajima, T.; Oppenheimer, B. R.; Kulkarni, S. R.; Golimowski, D. A.; Matthews, K.; Durrance, S. T.; Neto, D. N.; Teixeira, R. (1995). "Discovery of a cool brown dwarf". Nature. 378 (6556): 463–465. Bibcode:1995Natur.378..463N. doi:10.1038/378463a0. S2CID 4351772.
  15. ^ Delfosse, Xavier; Tinney, Chris G.; Forveille, Thierry; Epchtein, Nicolas; Bertin, Emmanuel; Borsenberger, Jean; Copet, Éric; de Batz, Bertrand; Fouqué, Pascal; Kimeswenger, Stefan; Le Bertre, Thibaut; Lacombe, François; Rouan, Daniel; Tiphène, Didier (1997). "Field brown dwarfs found by DENIS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 327: L25–L28. Bibcode:1997A&A...327L..25D.
  16. ^ Ruiz, Maria Teresa; Leggett, S. K.; Allard, France (1997). "Kelu-1: A Free-floating Brown Dwarf in the Solar Neighborhood". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 491 (2): L107–L110. Bibcode:1997ApJ...491L.107R. doi:10.1086/311070.
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