Gudermes
Gudermes (Russian: Гудерме́с; Chechen: Гуьмсе, Gümse or Гутӏермаӏас, Guthermajas) is a town in the Chechen Republic, Russia, located on the Sunzha River 36 kilometers (22 mi) east of Grozny, the republic's capital. Population: 64,376 (2021 Census); 45,631 (2010 Census); 33,756 (2002 Census); 38,089 (1989 Soviet census); 32,000 (1970).
History
Gudermes had rural locality status until 1941. Later, it became a railroad junction between Rostov-on-Don, Baku, Astrakhan, and Mozdok.
Climate
Gudermes has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfa) closely bordering a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa) . Gudermes is one of the warmest places in Russia and has recorded one of Russia's highest temperatures, recording temperatures as high as 44.0 °C (111.2 °F) in July 1999.
| Climate data for Gudermes, 1991-2020 normals, extremes 1936–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) |
22.5 (72.5) |
31.7 (89.1) |
33.3 (91.9) |
37.8 (100.0) |
39.7 (103.5) |
41.5 (106.7) |
42.2 (108.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
32.8 (91.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
17.9 (64.2) |
42.2 (108.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
4.4 (39.9) |
11.1 (52.0) |
18.2 (64.8) |
24.2 (75.6) |
29.4 (84.9) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
26.0 (78.8) |
18.1 (64.6) |
9.4 (48.9) |
4.3 (39.7) |
17.7 (63.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) |
0.2 (32.4) |
5.5 (41.9) |
11.6 (52.9) |
17.6 (63.7) |
22.7 (72.9) |
25.4 (77.7) |
24.9 (76.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
12.7 (54.9) |
5.4 (41.7) |
1.0 (33.8) |
12.1 (53.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.4 (25.9) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
1.6 (34.9) |
6.6 (43.9) |
12.5 (54.5) |
17.3 (63.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
14.7 (58.5) |
8.7 (47.7) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
8.0 (46.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −29.9 (−21.8) |
−27.4 (−17.3) |
−21.0 (−5.8) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
6.5 (43.7) |
10.1 (50.2) |
6.6 (43.9) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−22.3 (−8.1) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
−29.9 (−21.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 32.5 (1.28) |
25.5 (1.00) |
32.9 (1.30) |
36.5 (1.44) |
56.5 (2.22) |
62.9 (2.48) |
43.8 (1.72) |
38.7 (1.52) |
49.3 (1.94) |
39.0 (1.54) |
37.3 (1.47) |
37.5 (1.48) |
492.4 (19.39) |
| Average precipitation days | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 77 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 83 | 78 | 72 | 71 | 66 | 63 | 64 | 72 | 80 | 84 | 85 | 75 |
| Source 1: Погода и Климат | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: KNMI (precipitation days), NOAA (humidity) | |||||||||||||
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Gudermes serves as the administrative center of Gudermessky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Gudermes—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Gudermes is incorporated within Gudermessky Municipal District as Gudermesskoye Urban Settlement.
Economy
Gudermes is home to petroleum extraction industries.
References
Notes
- ^ Decree #500
- ^ Constitution of the Chechen Republic, Article 59.5
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Law #19-RZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "July 1999". Eca.knmi.nl. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
- ^ "Climate Gudermes". Погода и Климат. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
- ^ "Indices Data – Gudermes Station 1380". KNMI. Archived from the original on July 9, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2019.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Gudermes". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
Sources
- Референдум. 23 марта 2003 г. «Конституция Чеченской Республики», в ред. Конституционного закона №1-РКЗ от 30 сентября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Конституцию Чеченской Республики». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования по результатам голосования на референдуме Чеченской Республики. (Referendum. March 23, 2003 Constitution of the Chechen Republic, as amended by the Constitutional Law #1-RKZ of September 30, 2014 On Amending the Constitution of the Chechen Republic. Effective as of the day of the official publication in accordance with the results of the referendum of the Chechen Republic.).
- Парламент Чеченской Республики. Закон №19-РЗ от 27 февраля 2009 г. «Об образовании муниципального образования Гудермесский район и муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, установлении их границы и наделении их соответствующим статусом муниципального района и сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №31-РЗ от 29 августа 2011 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Чеченской Республики "Об образовании муниципального образования Гудермесский район и муниципальных образований, входящих в его состав, установлении их границы и наделении их соответствующим статусом муниципального района и сельского поселения"». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести Республики", №37 (969), 3 марта 2009 г. (Parliament of the Chechen Republic. Law #19-RZ of February 27, 2009 On Establishing the Municipal Formation of Gudermessky District and the Municipal Formations It Comprises, on Establishing Their Border, and on Granting Them the Status of a Municipal District and Rural Settlement, as amended by the Law #31-RZ of August 29, 2011 On Amending the Law of the Chechen Republic "On Establishing the Municipal Formation of Gudermessky District and the Municipal Formations It Comprises, on Establishing Their Border, and on Granting Them the Status of a Municipal District and Rural Settlement". Effective as of after 10 days from the official publication date have passed.).