Hanover Township is one of ten townships in Jefferson County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 5,592 (up from 5,366 at 2010) and it contained 2,030 housing units.

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1890	1,082		—
1900	1,037		−4.2%
1910	1,029		−0.8%
1920	960		−6.7%
1930	978		1.9%
1940	967		−1.1%
1950	1,819		88.1%
1960	2,428		33.5%
1970	3,738		54.0%
1980	5,162		38.1%
1990	4,898		−5.1%
2000	5,409		10.4%
2010	5,366		−0.8%
2020	5,592		4.2%
Source: US Decennial Census

Thomas A. Hendricks Library on the campus of Hanover College was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 18.95 square miles (49.1 km), of which 18.73 square miles (48.5 km) (or 98.84%) is land and 0.22 square miles (0.57 km) (or 1.16%) is water. The streams of Chain Mill Creek and Happy Valley Creek run through this township.

• Hanover

• Hanover Beach

• Antioch Grange

• Madison Township (northeast)
• Saluda Township (south)
• Republican Township (west)

The township contains four cemeteries: Carmel, Greenbriar, Hanover and Old Bethel.

• Indiana State Road 56
• Indiana State Road 62
• Indiana State Road 256
• Indiana State Road 356

• "Hanover Township, Jefferson County, Indiana". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved September 24, 2009.
• United States Census Bureau cartographic boundary files

• Indiana Township Association
• United Township Association of Indiana