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  • 21 Aug, 2019

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Hawaii's 1st Congressional District
Hawaii's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Hawaii. The district is entirely on the island of Oahu, encompassing the urban areas of the City and County of Honolulu, a consolidated city-county that includes Oahu's central plains and southern shores, including the towns of Aiea, Mililani, Pearl City, Waipahu, and Waimalu. The district is smaller and more densely populated than the 2nd congressional district (which comprises the rest of the state). It is represented by Democrat Ed Case.

History

When Hawaii and Alaska were admitted to the Union in 1959, both new states were granted one at-large representative to Congress, pending the next United States census. In the reapportionment following the 1960 U.S. census, Hawaii gained a second U.S. representative. Instead of creating two congressional districts, the state continued to elect its representatives at large. Two representatives were first elected in 1962, and Hawaii was first represented by two U.S. representatives on January 2, 1963, upon the convening of the 88th Congress.

The 1st congressional district was created in 1971, when Hawaii began electing its representatives from districts instead of electing at-large representatives statewide.

Election results from statewide races

Year Office Result
2000 President Al Gore 55% – George W. Bush 39%
2004 President John Kerry 53% – George W. Bush 47%
2008 President Barack Obama 70% – John McCain 28%
2012 President Barack Obama 70% – Mitt Romney 29%
2016 President Hillary Clinton 63% – Donald J. Trump 30%
2020 President Joe Biden 64% – Donald J. Trump 35%

Composition

# County Seat Population
3 Honolulu Honolulu 989,408

Cities with 10,000 or more people

2,500-10,000 people

List of members representing the district

District established following the 91st Congress.

Member Party Years Con-
gress 		Electoral history District map
District created January 3, 1971

Spark Matsunaga
(Honolulu) 		Democratic January 3, 1971 –
January 3, 1977 		92nd
93rd
94th 		Redistricted from the at-large district and re-elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator. 		1971–1981

Cecil Heftel
(Honolulu) 		Democratic January 3, 1977 –
July 11, 1986 		95th
96th
97th
98th
99th 		Elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Re-elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Resigned to run for Governor of Hawaii.
1981–1983
1983–1993
Vacant July 11, 1986 –
September 20, 1986 		99th

Neil Abercrombie
(Honolulu) 		Democratic September 20, 1986 –
January 3, 1987 		Elected to finish Heftel's term.
Lost renomination.

Pat Saiki
(Honolulu) 		Republican January 3, 1987 –
January 3, 1991 		100th
101st 		Elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.

Neil Abercrombie
(Honolulu) 		Democratic January 3, 1991 –
February 28, 2010 		102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th 		Elected in 1990.
Re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Resigned to run for Governor of Hawaii.
1993–2003
2003–2013
Vacant February 28, 2010 –
May 22, 2010 		111th

Charles Djou
(Honolulu) 		Republican May 22, 2010 –
January 3, 2011 		Elected to finish Abercrombie's term.
Lost re-election.

Colleen Hanabusa
(Honolulu) 		Democratic January 3, 2011 –
January 3, 2015 		112th
113th 		Elected in 2010.
Re-elected in 2012.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
2013–2023

Mark Takai
(Aiea) 		Democratic January 3, 2015 –
July 20, 2016 		114th Elected in 2014.
Announced retirement, then died.
Vacant July 20, 2016 –
November 14, 2016

Colleen Hanabusa
(Honolulu) 		Democratic November 14, 2016 –
January 3, 2019 		114th
115th 		Elected to finish Takai's term.
Elected to full term in 2016.
Retired to run for Governor of Hawaii.

Ed Case
(Kāne'ohe) 		Democratic January 3, 2019 –
present 		116th
117th
118th 		Elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Re-elected in 2022.
Re-elected in 2024.
2023–present

Election results

1970 • 1972 • 1974 • 1976 • 1978 • 1980 • 1982 • 1984 • 1986 (Special) • 1986 • 1988 • 1990 • 1992 • 1994 • 1996 • 1998 • 2000 • 2002 • 2004 • 2006 • 2008 • 2010 (Special) • 2010 • 2012 • 2014 • 2016 (Special) • 2016 • 2018 • 2020 • 2022

1970

United States House of Representatives elections, 1970
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Spark Matsunaga 85,411 72.89
Republican Richard K. Cockey 31,764 27.11
Total votes 117,175 100.0
Democratic win (new seat)

1972

United States House of Representatives elections, 1972
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Spark Matsunaga (incumbent) 73,826 54.70
Republican Fred W. Rohlfing 61,138 45.30
Total votes 134,964 100.0
Democratic hold

1974

United States House of Representatives elections, 1974
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Spark Matsunaga (incumbent) 71,552 59.32
Republican William B. Paul 49,065 40.68
Total votes 120,617 100.0
Democratic hold

1976

United States House of Representatives elections, 1976
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Cecil Heftel 60,050 43.64
Republican Fred W. Rohlfing 53,745 39.06
Independents for Godly Government Kathy Joyce Hoshijo 23,807 17.30
Total votes 137,602 100.0
Democratic hold

1978

United States House of Representatives elections, 1978
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Cecil Heftel (incumbent) 84,552 73.26
Republican William D. Spillane 24,470 21.20
Libertarian Peter David Larsen 4,295 3.72
Aloha Democratic Party Debra Figueroa 2,095 1.82
Total votes 115,412 100.0
Democratic hold

1980

United States House of Representatives elections, 1980
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Cecil Heftel (incumbent) 98,256 79.77
Republican Aloma Keen Noble 19,819 16.09
Libertarian Rockne H. Johnson 5,106 4.14
Total votes 123,181 100.0
Democratic hold

1982

United States House of Representatives elections, 1982
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Cecil Heftel (incumbent) 134,779 89.91
Libertarian Rockne H. Johnson 15,128 10.09
Total votes 149,907 100.0
Democratic hold

1984

United States House of Representatives elections, 1984
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Cecil Heftel (incumbent) 114,884 82.73
Republican Will Beard 20,608 14.84
Libertarian Christopher Winter 3,373 2.43
Total votes 138,865 100.0
Democratic hold

1986 (Special)

Hawaii's 1st congressional district special election, 1986
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie 42,031 29.88
Republican Pat Saiki 41,067 29.20
Democratic Mufi Hannemann 39,800 28.30
Democratic Steve Cobb 16,721 11.89
Democratic Louis Agard 566 0.40
Nonpartisan candidate Blase Harris 460 0.33
Total votes 140,645 100.0
Democratic hold

1986

United States House of Representatives elections, 1986
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Pat Saiki 99,683 59.20
Democratic Mufi Hannemann 63,061 37.45
Libertarian Blase Harris 5,633 3.35
Total votes 168,377 100.0
Republican gain from Democratic

1988

United States House of Representatives elections, 1988
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Pat Saiki (incumbent) 96,848 54.71
Democratic Mary Bitterman 76,394 43.16
Libertarian Blase Harris 3,778 2.13
Total votes 177,020 100.0
Republican hold

1990

United States House of Representatives elections, 1990
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie 97,622 60.00
Republican Mike Liu 62,982 38.71
Libertarian Roger Lee Taylor 2,107 1.29
Total votes 162,711 100.0
Democratic gain from Republican

1992

United States House of Representatives elections, 1992
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 129,332 72.87
Republican Warner Sutton 41,575 23.43
Libertarian Rockne H. Johnson 6,569 3.70
Total votes 177,476 100.0
Democratic hold

1994

United States House of Representatives elections, 1994
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 94,754 53.62
Republican Orson Swindle 76,623 43.36
Best Party of Hawaii Alexandria Kaan 2,815 1.59
Libertarian Roger Lee Taylor 2,514 1.42
Total votes 176,706 100.0
Democratic hold

1996

United States House of Representatives elections, 1996
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 86,732 50.37
Republican Orson Swindle 80,053 46.49
Nonpartisan Mark Duering 4,126 2.40
Natural Law Nick Bedworth 1,295 0.75
Total votes 172,206 100.0
Democratic hold

1998

United States House of Representatives elections, 1998
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 116,693 61.56
Republican Gene Ward 68,905 36.34
Natural Law Nick Bedworth 3,973 2.10
Total votes 189,571 100.0
Democratic hold

2000

United States House of Representatives elections, 2000
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 108,517 69.03
Republican Phil Meyers 44,989 28.62
Libertarian Jerry Murphy 3,688 2.35
Total votes 157,194 100.0
Democratic hold

2002

United States House of Representatives elections, 2002
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 131,673 72.86
Republican Mark Terry 45,032 24.92
Libertarian James H. Bracken 4,028 2.23
Total votes 180,733 100.0
Democratic hold

2004

United States House of Representatives elections, 2004
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 128,567 62.97
Republican Dalton Tanonaka 69,371 33.98
Libertarian Elyssa Young 6,243 3.06
Total votes 204,181 100.0
Democratic hold

2006

United States House of Representatives elections, 2006
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 112,904 69.35
Republican Richard (Noah) Hough 49,890 30.65
Total votes 162,794 100.0
Democratic hold

2008

United States House of Representatives elections, 2008
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Neil Abercrombie (incumbent) 154,181 77.14
Republican Steve Tataii 38,104 19.06
Libertarian Li Zhao 7,591 3.80
Total votes 199,876 100.0
Democratic hold

2010 (Special)

Hawaii's 1st congressional district special election, 2010
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Charles Djou 67,610 39.44
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa 52,802 30.80
Democratic Ed Case 47,391 27.65
No party 11 others 1,682 0.99
Total votes 171,417 100.0
Republican gain from Democratic

2010

United States House of Representatives elections, 2010
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa 94,140 53.23
Republican Charles Djou (incumbent) 82,723 46.77
Total votes 176,863 100.0
Democratic gain from Republican

2012

United States House of Representatives elections, 2012
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa (incumbent) 116,505 53.47
Republican Charles Djou 96,824 44.44
Blank Votes 4,467 2.05
Over Votes 80 0.04
Total votes 217,876 100

2014

United States House of Representatives elections, 2014
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mark Takai 93,390 51.2
Republican Charles Djou 86,454 47.4
Blank Votes 2,366 1.3
Over Votes 58 0.0
Total votes 182,268 100

2016 (Special)

Hawaii's 1st Congressional District (Vacancy)
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa 129,083 60.45
Republican Shirlene D. (Shirl) Ostrov 44,090 20.65
Democratic Angela Aulani Kaaihue 5,885 2.76
Libertarian Alan J.K. Yim 5,559 2.60
Democratic Kim Howard 4,259 1.99
Democratic Peter Cross 3,420 1.60
Independent Calvin Griffin 2,824 1.32
Democratic Javier Ocasio 1,893 0.89
Independent Yvonne Perry 1,050 0.49
Independent Peter H. Plotzeneder 328 0.15
Blank votes 14,864 6.96
Over votes 276 0.14
Total votes 213,531 100

2016

Hawaii's 1st Congressional District, 2016
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa 145,417 68.09
Republican Shirlene D. (Shirl) Ostrov 45,958 21.52
Libertarian Alan J.K. Yim 6,601 3.09
Independent Calvin Griffin 4,381 2.05
Blank votes 11,013 5.16
Over votes 161 0.08
Total votes 213,558 100

2018

Hawaii's 1st congressional district, 2018
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case 134,650 73.1
Republican Campbell Cavasso 42,498 23.1
Libertarian Michelle Tippens 3,498 1.9
Green Zach Burd 2,214 1.2
Nonpartisan (United States) Calvin Griffin 1,351 0.7
Total votes 184,211 100.0
Democratic hold

2020

Hawaii's 1st congressional district, 2020
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case (incumbent) 183,245 72.02
Republican Ron Curtis 71,188 27.98
Total votes 254,433 100.0
Democratic hold

2022

Hawaii's 1st congressional district, 2022
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case (incumbent) 142,742 73.7
Republican Conrad Kress 50,833 26.3
Total votes 193,575 100.0
Democratic hold

See also

References

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present Archived April 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  1. ^ "My Congressional District". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 21, 2024.
  2. ^ "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  3. ^ Hawaii Office of Elections: Election results separated by year. Accessed February 11, 2015.
  4. ^ "Dems Pick Up Hawaii Seat". The Hill. November 3, 2010.
  5. ^ Kai-Hwa Wang, Frances (May 20, 2016). "Hawaii Congressman Mark Takai to Retire to Focus on Cancer Battle". NBC News. Retrieved May 28, 2016.
  6. ^ 1970 Election Results
  7. ^ 1972 Election Results
  8. ^ 1974 Election Results
  9. ^ 1976 Election Results
  10. ^ 1978 Election Results
  11. ^ 1980 Election Results
  12. ^ 1982 Election Results
  13. ^ 1984 Election Results
  14. ^ 1986 Special Election Results
  15. ^ 1986 Election Results
  16. ^ 1988 Election Results
  17. ^ 1990 Election Results
  18. ^ 1992 Election Results
  19. ^ 1994 Election Results
  20. ^ 1996 Election Results
  21. ^ 1998 Election Results
  22. ^ 2000 Election Results
  23. ^ 2002 Election Results
  24. ^ 2004 Election Results
  25. ^ 2006 Election Results
  26. ^ 2008 Election Results
  27. ^ 2010 Special Election Results
  28. ^ 2010 Election Results
  29. ^ "GENERAL ELECTION 2012 – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). State Of Hawaii Office of Elections. November 20, 2012. Retrieved June 22, 2012.
  30. ^ "GENERAL ELECTION 2014 – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). State Of Hawaii Office of Elections. November 18, 2014. Retrieved June 22, 2012.
  31. ^ "GENERAL ELECTION 2016 – State of Hawaii – Statewide" (PDF). State Of Hawaii Office of Elections. November 20, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  32. ^ "Statewide Summary" (PDF). Office of Elections. State of Hawaii. Retrieved November 20, 2018.
  33. ^ "GENERAL ELECTION 2020 – State of Hawaii – Statewide November 3, 2020 **FINAL SUMMARY REPORT**" (PDF). Hawaii Board of Elections. November 19, 2020. Retrieved November 22, 2020.
  34. ^ "GENERAL ELECTION 2022 - Statewide - November 8, 2022" (PDF). Hawaii Office of Elections. November 9, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2022.

21°19′22″N 157°54′21″W / 21.32278°N 157.90583°W / 21.32278; -157.90583

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