Horsethief Canyon, is a canyon comprising the upper part of the Summit Valley in San Bernardino County, California. Its head lies at 34°19′33″N 117°25′38″W / 34.32583°N 117.42722°W / 34.32583; -117.42722 at an elevation of 3,800 feet just east of the summit of Cajon Pass, and its mouth at an elevation of 3,123 feet / 952 meters. California State Routes 138 and 173 pass through it.

There is also a separate Horsethief Canyon in San Diego County, California, near Pine Valley, California and the Mexico–United States border. It is located in the Cleveland National Forest, in the Pine Creek Wilderness.

34°19′23″N 117°18′31″W / 34.32306°N 117.30861°W / 34.32306; -117.30861