Humphrey Bogart (1899–1957) was an American actor and producer whose 36-year career began with live stage productions in New York in 1920. He had been born into an affluent family in New York's Upper West Side, the first-born child and only son of illustrator Maud Humphrey and physician Belmont DeForest Bogart. The family eventually came to include his sisters Patricia and Catherine. His parents believed he would excel academically, possibly matriculate at Yale University and become a surgeon. They enrolled him in the private schools of Delancey, Trinity, and Phillips Academy, but Bogart was not inclined as a scholar and never completed his studies at Phillips, joining the United States Navy in 1918.

On the completion of his military service, Bogart began working in theatrical productions. He was initially employed as a manager behind the scenes for the plays Experience and The Ruined Lady, before trying his talents on stage in the 1922 play Drifting. A recurring legend about Bogart is that his dialog in the 1925 play Hell's Bells was "Tennis anyone?", but Bogart denied it, saying his line was, "It's forty-love outside. Anyone care to watch?" His body of stage work included more than a dozen plays, and lasted a little over a decade. He began to pursue a career in film by 1928, first appearing in the short film The Dancing Town, and then in the 1930 short film Broadway's Like That. Bogart appeared in 75 feature films, and initially believed he was on the road to stardom when he secured a 1929 contract with Fox Film. The resulting productions of A Devil with Women, Up the River, A Holy Terror, Body and Soul and Women of All Nations for Fox, as well as Bad Sister for Universal Pictures, were collectively a disappointment to him, and he returned to stage work in New York.

Bogart's break-out role was that of escaped murderer Duke Mantee whom he played in 197 performances of the 1935 Broadway theatre production of The Petrified Forest, with actor Leslie Howard in the lead. The play, and his subsequent casting in the movie version, propelled him to stardom, and secured him a movie contract with Warner Bros. He made 48 films for them, including The Maltese Falcon, To Have and Have Not, Key Largo, and Casablanca, the last of which earned Bogart his first nomination for an Academy Award for Best Actor. Bogart won the award on his second nomination, for his 1951 performance in the United Artists production The African Queen. His third Oscar nomination was for his performance in the 1954 Columbia Pictures production The Caine Mutiny. In addition to his film work, Bogart guest-starred in numerous radio and television programs, primarily reprising his film roles. He formed Santana Productions in 1948; the company's 1950 production of In a Lonely Place was chosen by the National Film Registry in 2007 for permanent preservation as "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant. Santana Productions also created the 1951–1952 Bold Venture half-hour radio series as a vehicle for Bogart and his wife Lauren Bacall.

Broadway theatre (1920–1935)

After Bogart completed his World War I service with the United States Navy, he found theatrical employment in New York. He stage-managed the 1920 play Experience, and later became a road manager for The Ruined Lady. When he began to pursue an acting career, his debut role was in the 1922 play Drifting.

He appeared in 18 productions on Broadway, including the role that would propel him to fame and success in the movie industry; from January through June 1935, he appeared in 197 performances of The Petrified Forest as Duke Mantee, a murderer fleeing across the Arizona-Mexico border to evade capture by law enforcement. Leslie Howard appeared in the lead role as intellectual idealist Alan Squier. With the exception of The Petrified Forest, the sources do not indicate whether or not Bogart was in the entire run of any production.

Broadway theatre credits of Humphrey Bogart

Title	Year	Role	Theatre	Notes	Ref.
Drifting	1922	Multiple roles	Playhouse Theatre
Swifty	1922	Tom Proctor	Playhouse Theatre
Meet the Wife	1923	Gregory Brown	Klaw Theatre
Nerves	1924	Bob Thatch	Comedy Theatre
Hell's Bells	1925	Jimmy Todhunter	Wallack's Theatre
Cradle Snatchers	1925	Jose Vallejo	Music Box Theatre
Baby Mine	1927	Alfred Hardy	Chanin's 46th Street Theatre
Saturday's Children	1927	Rims O'Neil	Booth Theatre
Saturday's Children	1928	Rims O'Neil	Forrest Theatre
Skyrocket	1929	Vic. Ewing	Lyceum Theatre
It's a Wise Child	1929–1930	Roger Baldwin	Belasco Theatre
After All	1931	Duff Wilson	Booth Theatre
I Loved You Wednesday	1932	Randall Williams	Sam H. Harris Theatre
Chrysalis	1932	Don Ellis	Martin Beck Theatre
Our Wife	1933	Jerry Marvin	Booth Theatre
The Mask and the Face	1933	Luciano Spina	Guild Theatre
Invitation to a Murder	1934	Horatio Channing	Theatre Masque
The Petrified Forest	1935	Duke Mantee	Broadhurst Theatre	197 performances, with Leslie Howard in the lead role of Alan Squier

Short films (1928–1930)

Bogart always believed that the future of his profession was ultimately in the burgeoning film industry. After signing with Charles Frohman Productions, he was cast as the male lead opposite stage actress Helen Hayes in a two-reel silent The Dancing Town (1928) for Paramount Pictures. He appeared in a Vitaphone short musical Broadway's Like That (1930), which also featured Joan Blondell and Ruth Etting.

Film short credits of Humphrey Bogart

Title	Year	Role	Notes	Ref.
The Dancing Town	1928	Man in Doorway at Dance	Paramount Pictures
Broadway's Like That	1930	Ruth's Fiancé	Soundtrack lost Vitaphone

Feature-length films (1930–1956)

He made 75 feature-length films during his career. Two serendipitous events helped pave a path for his career ambitions. During the last half of the 1920s, the film industry's transition from the silent era to sound shifted focus towards stage actors whose vocal talents had been honed in front of live audiences. When the 1929 stock market crash triggered the Great Depression in the United States, funding for stage shows became precarious. Bogart's brother-in-law, Stuart Rose, had become an employee of Fox Film, and was able to arrange a screen test for him with Fox executive Al Lewis. After viewing the test, the Hollywood home office of Fox sent Lewis a directive that Bogart was to be signed to a $750 per week contract, with an option of raising it to $1,000 per week if he performed as expected:

I'm going to become the biggest movie star Hollywood's ever seen.

— Humphrey Bogart after signing his Fox contract in 1929

The films made in Hollywood under his Fox contract were Up the River (1930), A Devil with Women (1930), A Holy Terror (1931), Body and Soul (1931), and Women of All Nations (1931; all Bogart's scenes were cut). While still in California, he also made Bad Sister (1931) for Universal Pictures. Bogart was less than impressed with the end products, and returned to his stage career in New York.

When Warner Bros. purchased the film rights for The Petrified Forest, the studio retained Leslie Howard in the lead role he had performed on Broadway, but replaced Bogart with Edward G. Robinson in the role of Mantee. Howard intervened on Bogart's behalf to reclaim the role for him. Following the success of Bogart's performance in the 1936 film, Jack L. Warner put him under contract for $550 a week, with a morals clause, and financial options which could potentially more than triple Bogart's weekly salary.

He continued to appear in feature films for the rest of his life, and claimed that "at Warner Bros. in the 30s, I became a one-man film factory." He made 48 films for Warner Bros. (including First National Pictures, which Warner Bros. owned at that time), more than any other studio he was affiliated with. His body of work there included some of his most acclaimed films: Dark Victory (1939), High Sierra (1941), The Maltese Falcon (1941), Casablanca (1942), To Have and Have Not (1944), The Big Sleep (1946), The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948) and Key Largo (1948). By comparison, he only made seven films with Fox, five films each with Columbia Pictures and his own Santana Productions, three films for Paramount Pictures, two for United Artists, and one each for United States Pictures, Universal Pictures, Samuel Goldwyn Productions, MGM and Walter Wanger Productions.

Bogart created Santana Productions in 1948. The company produced Knock on Any Door (1949), Tokyo Joe (1949), And Baby Makes Three (1949) starring Robert Young and Barbara Hale, Sirocco (1951), The Family Secret (1951) starring John Derek and Lee J. Cobb, and Beat the Devil (1951), Bogart's spoof of The Maltese Falcon. The company's production of In a Lonely Place (1950) was added to the National Film Registry in 2007, "to be preserved for all time". Inclusion of films in the registry are based on their "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant quality.

List of feature films

Feature-length films of Humphrey Bogart

Title	Year	Director	Role	Notes	Ref.
A Devil with Women	1930	Irving Cummings	Tom Standish	Fox Film
Up the River	1930	John Ford	Steve Jordan	Fox Film
Bad Sister	1931	Hobart Henley	Valentine Corliss	Universal Pictures distributed through Warner Bros.
A Holy Terror	1931	Irving Cummings	Steve Nash	Fox Film
Body and Soul	1931	Alfred Santell	Jim Watson	Fox Film
Women of All Nations	1931	Raoul Walsh	Stone (Deleted scenes)	Fox Film
Big City Blues	1932	Mervyn LeRoy	Shep Adkins	Warner Bros.
Three on a Match	1932	Mervyn LeRoy	Harve	Warner Bros.
Love Affair	1932	Thornton Freeland	Jim Leonard	Columbia Pictures
Midnight	1934	Chester Erskine	Gar Boni	aka Call It Murder Universal Pictures
The Petrified Forest	1936	Archie Mayo	Duke Mantee	Warner Bros.
Bullets or Ballots	1936	William Keighley	Nick "Bugs" Fenner	Warner Bros.
Two Against the World	1936	William C. McGann	Sherry Scott	aka One Fatal Hour Warner Bros.
China Clipper	1936	Ray Enright	Hap Stuart	Warner Bros.
Isle of Fury	1936	Frank McDonald	Valentine "Val" Stevens	Warner Bros.
Black Legion	1937	Archie Mayo Michael Curtiz (uncredited)	Frank Taylor	Warner Bros.
The Great O'Malley	1937	William Dieterle	John Phillips	Warner Bros.
Marked Woman	1937	Lloyd Bacon Michael Curtiz (uncredited)	District Attorney David Graham	Warner Bros.
San Quentin	1937	Lloyd Bacon	Joe "Red" Kennedy	Warner Bros.
Kid Galahad	1937	Michael Curtiz	Turkey Morgan	Warner Bros.
Dead End	1937	William Wyler	Hugh "Baby Face" Martin	Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Stand-In	1937	Tay Garnett	Doug Quintain	Walter Wanger Productions
Swing Your Lady	1938	Ray Enright	Ed Hatch	Warner Bros.
Crime School	1938	Lewis Seiler	Deputy Commissioner Mark Braden	Warner Bros.
Men Are Such Fools	1938	Busby Berkeley	Harry Galleon	Warner Bros.
Racket Busters	1938	Lloyd Bacon	Pete "Czar" Martin	Warner Bros.
The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse	1938	Anatole Litvak	"Rocks" Valentine	Warner Bros.
Angels with Dirty Faces	1938	Michael Curtiz	James Frazier	Warner Bros.
King of the Underworld	1939	Lewis Seiler	Joe Gurney	Warner Bros.
The Oklahoma Kid	1939	Lloyd Bacon	Whip McCord	Warner Bros.
You Can't Get Away with Murder	1939	Lewis Seiler	Frank Wilson	Warner Bros.
Dark Victory	1939	Edmund Goulding	Michael O'Leary	Warner Bros.
The Roaring Twenties	1939	Raoul Walsh	George Hally	Warner Bros.
The Return of Doctor X	1939	Vincent Sherman	Dr. Maurice Xavier, aka Marshall Quesne	Warner Bros.
Invisible Stripes	1939	Lloyd Bacon	Chuck Martin	Warner Bros.
They Drive by Night	1940	Raoul Walsh	Paul Fabrini	Warner Bros.
Virginia City	1940	Michael Curtiz	John Murrell	Warner Bros.
It All Came True	1940	Lewis Seiler	Grasselli aka Chips Maguire	Warner Bros.
Brother Orchid	1940	Lloyd Bacon	Jack Buck	Warner Bros.
High Sierra	1941	Raoul Walsh	Roy Earle	Warner Bros.
The Wagons Roll at Night	1941	Ray Enright	Nick Coster	Warner Bros.
The Maltese Falcon	1941	John Huston	Sam Spade	First film appearance of Sydney Greenstreet Warner Bros.
All Through the Night	1942	Vincent Sherman	Alfred 'Gloves' Donahue	Warner Bros.
The Big Shot	1942	Lewis Seiler	Joseph "Duke" Berne	Warner Bros.
Across the Pacific	1942	John Huston	Rick Leland	Warner Bros.
Casablanca	1942	Michael Curtiz	Rick Blaine	Nominated for Best Actor Oscar Warner Bros.
Action in the North Atlantic	1943	Lloyd Bacon Raoul Walsh (uncredited) Byron Haskin (uncredited)	Lt. Joe Rossi	Warner Bros.
Sahara	1943	Zoltan Korda	Sgt. Joe Gunn	Columbia Pictures
Thank Your Lucky Stars	1943	David Butler	Himself	Warner Bros.
Passage to Marseille	1944	Michael Curtiz	Jean Matrac	Warner Bros.
To Have and Have Not	1944	Howard Hawks	Harry "Steve" Morgan	Lauren Bacall's debut film Warner Bros.
Conflict	1945	Curtis Bernhardt	Richard Mason	Warner Bros.
The Big Sleep	1946	Howard Hawks	Philip Marlowe	Warner Bros.
Dead Reckoning	1947	John Cromwell	Capt. Warren "Rip" Murdock	Columbia Pictures
The Two Mrs. Carrolls	1947	Peter Godfrey	Geoffrey Carroll	Warner Bros.
Dark Passage	1947	Delmer Daves	Vincent Parry	Warner Bros.
Always Together	1947	Frederick de Cordova	Himself	Warner Bros.
The Treasure of the Sierra Madre	1948	John Huston	Fred C. Dobbs	Warner Bros.
Key Largo	1948	John Huston	Frank McCloud	Warner Bros.
Knock on Any Door	1949	Nicholas Ray	Andrew Morton	Santana Productions, Bogart's company founded in 1948
Tokyo Joe	1949	Stuart Heisler	Joseph "Joe" Barrett	Santana Productions
Chain Lightning	1950	Stuart Heisler	Lt. Col. Matthew "Matt" Brennan	Warner Bros.
In a Lonely Place	1950	Nicholas Ray	Dixon Steele	Santana Productions;added to the National Film Registry in 2007, as "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant.
The Enforcer	1951	Bretaigne Windust Raoul Walsh (uncredited)	Dist. Atty. Martin Ferguson	United States Pictures
Sirocco	1951	Curtis Bernhardt	Harry Smith	Santana Productions
The African Queen	1951	John Huston	Charlie Allnut	Won the Best Actor Oscar United Artists
Deadline – U.S.A.	1952	Richard Brooks	Ed Hutcheson	Fox Film
Battle Circus	1953	Richard Brooks	Maj. Jed Webbe	MGM
Beat the Devil	1953	John Huston	Billy Dannreuther	Romulus Films Santana Pictures Corporation
The Caine Mutiny	1954	Edward Dmytryk	Lt. Cmdr. Philip Francis Queeg	Nominated for Best Actor Oscar Columbia Pictures
Sabrina	1954	Billy Wilder	Linus Larrabee	Paramount Pictures
The Barefoot Contessa	1954	Joseph L. Mankiewicz	Harry Dawes	Figaro United Artists
We're No Angels	1955	Michael Curtiz	Joseph	Paramount Pictures
The Left Hand of God	1955	Edward Dmytryk	James "Jim" Carmody	Fox Film
The Desperate Hours	1955	William Wyler	Glenn Griffin	Paramount Pictures
The Harder They Fall	1956	Mark Robson	Eddie Willis	Columbia Pictures

Miscellaneous and uncredited film appearances (1944–1954)

Occasionally Bogart made public fund-raising or patriotic appearances on film. He also appeared in cameos, some uncredited, in a small handful of other films.

Miscellaneous and uncredited films of Humphrey Bogart

Title	Year	Notes	Ref.
I Am an American	1944	Produced for Constitution Day
Report from the Front	1944	American Red Cross fund-raising short
Hollywood Victory Caravan	1944	Victory Bond tour
Two Guys From Milwaukee	1946	A Warner Bros. film, with Bogart and Bacall cameo uncredited sitting at a table
Always Together	1948	Bit part spoof of Stella Dallas, Bogart cameo crying against a window pane.
Road to Bali	1952	A clip from The African Queen
US Savings Bond trailer	1952	Bogart urging Americans to buy savings bonds
The Love Lottery	1954	Uncredited cameo David Niven film for Ealing Studios

Radio and television (1939–1955)

He made numerous radio and television appearances throughout his career. The Lux Radio Theatre was an anthology series featuring adaptations of Broadway plays and film scripts. It aired on the National Broadcasting Company's Blue Network (the forerunner of the American Broadcasting Company) (1934–35); CBS Radio network (1935–54), and NBC Radio (1954–55). The Screen Guild Theater (aka Gulf Screen Guild Theater aka Stars in the Air) was a radio anthology series broadcast from 1939 until 1952. Academy Award Theatre was a 1946 radio anthology series featuring adaptations of film scripts. Kraft Music Hall was a radio musical variety show on NBC radio from 1933 to 1949. The Bold Venture half-hour radio series ran for 78 episodes during 1951–1952, and was developed by Bogart's Santana Productions, as a starring vehicle for Bogart and his wife Lauren Bacall.

Radio and television credits of Humphrey Bogart

Program	Episode	Air date	Ref.
Lux Radio Theatre	Bullets or Ballots	April 17, 1939
The Gulf Screen Guild Theater	The Petrified Forest	January 7, 1940
The Gulf Screen Guild Theater	If You Could Only Cook	November 23, 1941
The Gulf Screen Guild Theater	The Amazing Dr. Clitterhouse	November 2, 1941
The Screen Guild Theater	High Sierra	January 4, 1942
Jack Benny Radio Program	The Frightwig Murder Case	February 2, 1942
The Screen Guild Theater	Casablanca	April 26, 1943
The Screen Guild Theater	The Maltese Falcon	September 20, 1943
Screen Guild Players	High Sierra	April 17, 1944
Lux Radio Theatre	Moontide	April 30, 1945
Academy Award Theatre	The Maltese Falcon	July 3, 1946
Lux Radio Theatre	To Have and Have Not	October 14, 1946
Jack Benny Radio Program		January 5, 1947
Kraft Music Hall		November 6, 1947
Lux Radio Theatre	Treasure of the Sierra Madre	April 18, 1949
Bold Venture	78-episode series	March 26, 1951
Stars in the Air (Screen Guild Theater)	The House on 92nd Street	May 3, 1952
Lux Radio Theatre	The African Queen	December 15, 1952
Jack Benny television program (CBS -TV)		October 25, 1953
Producers' Showcase (NBC -TV)	The Petrified Forest	May 30, 1955

Awards and honors

Bogart's first nomination for an Academy Award for Best Actor was for Casablanca (1942), a film that he and co-stars Ingrid Bergman and Paul Henreid initially believed was of little significance. Bogart won the award on his second nomination, for his 1951 performance in the United Artists production The African Queen. He was nominated a third time for The Caine Mutiny (1954). He posthumously received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960. The United States Postal Service honored Bogart in 1997, at a ceremony at Grauman's Chinese Theatre unveiling Bogart's stamp as part of the postal service's "Legends of Hollywood" series. In 2006, the street in front of his boyhood home was renamed Humphrey Bogart Place.

See also

• Lauren Bacall on screen and stage