The fjord contains the Jacobshavn Isbræ (Greenlandic: Sermeq Kujalleq), the most productive glacier in the Northern Hemisphere. The glacier flows at a rate of 20–35 m (66–115 ft) per day, resulting in around 20 billion tonnes of icebergs calved off and passing out of the fjord every year.

Icebergs breaking from the glacier are often so large —up to a kilometer (3,300 ft) in height— that they are too tall to float down the fjord and lie stuck on the bottom of its shallower areas, sometimes for years, until they are broken up by the force of the glacier and icebergs further up the fjord. On breaking up, the icebergs emerge into the open sea and initially travel north with ocean currents before turning south and running into the Atlantic Ocean. Larger icebergs typically do not melt until they reach 40-45 degrees north —farther south than the United Kingdom and level with New York City.

• List of fjords of Greenland

• Ilulissat Icefjord. Book edited by Ole Bennike, Naja Mikkelsen, Greg McCollum, Henrik Klinge Pedersen and Anker Weidick, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, 28 September 2004, ISBN 87-7871-136-3

• Media related to Ilulissat Kangerlua at Wikimedia Commons
• NASA study: Fastest Glacier in Greenland Doubles Speed Archived 2006-06-19 at the Wayback Machine
• Ilulissat Icefjord UNESCO Website