Loading
  • 21 Aug, 2019

  • By, Wikipedia

Jilotepec De Abasolo (municipality)

Jilotepec de Molina Enríquez, known as Jilotepec de Abasolo until 1986, and commonly known as Jilotepec, is a city located in the northwest zone of the State of Mexico in Mexico. The name comes from Náhuatl, meaning "hill of corncobs". It is the municipal seat and largest city of the municipality of Jilotepec (not Jilotepec de Molina Enríquez). It is located in hilly and forested terrain about an hour's drive from Mexico City and the state capital of Toluca, 40 minutes from San Juan del Río, 30 minutes from Tula and 20 minutes from Tepeji. The Mexico CityQuerétaro highway and the new Transoceanic Freeways that unite the coasts of Mexico from Veracruz to Michoacán converge within its territory.

The municipality of Jilotepec is located 1670 meters above sea level and covers an area of 586.53 km, being the fourth-largest municipality in the State of Mexico. According to INEGI data, Jilotepec de Abasolo has a population of 71,624. The municipality borders the municipalities of Polotitlan, Aculco, Timilpan, Chapa de Mota, Villa del Carbón, Soyaniquilpan and the state of Hidalgo. At the end of the 18th century, Jilotepec was part of the municipality of Huichapan, in the District of Tula. On March 11, 1824, Jilotepec de Abasolo was created from parts of Huichapan Chapa de Mota, Villa del Carbón, and Acambay.

The town of Jilotepec de Molina Enríquez

The city had a population of 10,503 as of 2005.

The region was originally inhabited by Otomis then conquered in 1379 by Acamapichtli the Aztec tlatoani (chief), later during the Viceroyalty of New Spain and the porfirian era, Jilotepec received waves of mostly Spanish and French settlers. After the Spanish Conquest, Jilotepec was recorded in ecclesiastical records as a village with a single priest, administrated by the Franciscans with the Brothers Alonso de Rangel and Antonio de Ciudad Rodrigo being the first to evangelize the area. Sometime in the middle of the 16th century, silver was discovered in Zacatecas and Guanajuato, leading to the construction of the Camino Real a Zacatecas (Royal Road to Zacatecas) with passed through>

Geography

Jilotepec lies in the north of the state of Mexico. To its north is the state of Hidalgo, to the south are the municipalities of Chapa de Mota and Timilpan, to the southeast is Villa del Carbón, to the east is Soyanilquilpan, and to the west are Polotitlán and Aculco.

Political Geography

There is one city in the municipality of Jilotepec, the municipal head Jilotepec de Molina Enríquez which is divided into six neighborhoods, or colonias: Colonia Centro, Javier Barrios, La Merced, El Deni, La Cruz de Dendho, and Xhisda.

There is only one village, or villa, the Villa de Canalejas

There are 23 towns, or pueblos:

Name Population (2010)
Acazuchitlán 3,037
Agua Escondida 2,467
Aldama 2,005
Buenavista 2,151
Calpulalpan 3,800
Coscomate del Progreso 1,547
Dexcaní Alto 1,101
Dexcaní Bajo 1,426
Doxhichó 1,992
El Rosal 1,234
Ejido San Lorenzo Octeyuco 2,659
Las Huertas 3,931
San Lorenzo Nenamicoyan 2,008
San Lorenzo Octeyuco 685
San Martín Tuchicuitlapilco 1,942
San Miguel de la Victoria 3,238
San Pablo Huantepec 3,996
Santiago Oxthoc 1,124
Xhimohay 2,503
Xhixhata 2,195
El Saltillo 765
Las Manzanas 2,803
La Comunidad 2,589

There are 24 small towns, or rancherías:

Name Population (2010)
Emiliano Zapata 154
Danxho 1,096
Dedeni Dolores 291
Denjhi 1,238
El Durazno de Cuauhtémoc 1,014
El Durazno de Guerrero 119
El Magueyal 1,236
El Majuay 136
El Rincón 691
El Xhitey 1,189
Ejido de Coscomate 1,452
Ejido de Jilotepec 801
La Huaracha no data
La Maqueda 452
Llano Grande 311
Magueycitos 548
Mataxhi 253
Mexicaltongo no data
Octeyuco 2000 1,158
Ojo de Agua 1,221
San Ignacio de Loyola 118
Santa Martha de la Cruz 250
Tecolapan 928
Teupan 895

Physical Geography

The primary geographical features of the region are fertile plains interrupted by hills and canyons. The municipality sits at the northern edge of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt physiographic region on the Sierra Nevada mountain range. The municipality is further divided by the subregions of the plains and mountains of Querétaro and Hidalgo to the north, and the lakes and volcanoes of Anáhuac comprising a small part of the municipality to the south. It is the fifth largest municipality in the state of Mexico.

Geology

The geological substrate of the municipality is primarily extrusive igneous rock, that is, volcanic in origin. These rocks are notable for the presence of basaltic lava flows, deposits of basaltic ash, slag, and pyroclastic rocks. Many of the older buildings in Jilotepec were built using these basaltic rocks.

The soil is mostly luvisolic, comprises 75% of the municipality's soil, and is particularly suited to agricultural industry though susceptible to erosion. About 15% of the soil is vertisolic and is located in the east of the municipality. This soil is prone to contraction in the dry season and is suited for grasses and grazing.

The primary mineral resource of the region is kaolin, a white clay that is useful in porcelain and medicine making. Other minerals that can be found in the municipality include chalcedony and tezontle.

Hydrology

Jilotepec is in the Alto Pánuco hydrologic region of the state of Mexico in the San Juan river basin. The most notable river in the municipality is the Coscomate which feeds into the Danxho reservoir and numerous streams such as Los Charcos, El Colorado, Dedeni, La Mina and 40 others. The Huapango reservoir is the municipality's largest at 120 million m, followed by the Danxho with 31 million m, and the Santa Elena with 5 million m. In addition to other smaller streams and reservoirs the municipality is supplied with water by the San Pablo Huantepec spring which flows at 10 L/s.

The municipality has a good supply of underground water thanks to the high permeability of the soil in most of the region. The quality of the water is "acceptable" though it is contaminated with waste and untreated water, especially in the municipal head where the Coscomate River and Colorado Stream flow.

Fauna

Jilotepec has not done an exhaustive survey of the wildlife within its municipal borders but they do have an informal registry of species. There is a diversity of frogs, lizards, and snakes (only three of which are venomous) in Jilotepec. The birds of the region concentrate around the forests and lakes and represent the greatest diversity of wildlife in the municipality. The mammals of the region include common herbivores and carnivores such as weasels, coyotes, squirrels, and possums.

Fish

Only the charal is common to the region. It is commonly fished for food and typically dried. The charal has a wide tolerance for changes in weather common to the municipality throughout the year. Though it is easily found and commonly consumed, there is no industry actively exploiting the charal population in Jilotepec. Though not native to the region, carp (Cyprinus carpio) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) are commercially farmed, recently being introduced to the Huapango reservoir.

Amphibian Species

Common Name (English) Common Name (Spanish) Scientific Name Image
Plateau Toad Sapo de la Meseta Anaxyrus compactilis
Canyon Tree Frog Ranita de las Rocas Hyla arenicolor
Ridged Tree Frog Rana de Árbol Plegada Hyla plicata
American Bullfrog Rana Toro Lithobates castesbeianus
Forrer's Grass Frog Rana Pinta Lithobates forreri
Montezuma Leopard Frog Rana Montezuma Lithobates montezumae
Mexican Tiger Salamander Ajolote del Altiplano Ambystoma velasci
Bell's Salamander Tlaconete Pinto Isthmura bellii

Reptile Species

Common Name (English) Common Name (Spanish) Scientific Name Image
Transvolcanic Alligator Lizard Lagarto Alicante del Popocatépetl Barisia imbricata
Mexican Plateau Horned Lizard Camaleón de Montaña Phrynosoma orbiculare
Mesquite Lizard Lagartija Espinosa del Mezquite Sceloporus grammicus
Eastern Spiny Lizard Lagartija Espinosa Mexicana Sceloporus spinosus
Torquate Lizard Lagartija Espinosa de Collar Sceloporus torquatus
Duges' Spiny Lizard Espinosa de Dugés del Este Sceloporus dugesii
Largenose Earth Snake Culebra Gris Nariz de Pala Conopsis nasus
Mexican Kingsnake Serpiente Real Mexicana Lampropeltis mexicana
Bocourt's Black-headed Snake Culebrita Cabeza Negra de Bocourt Tantilla bocourti
Neotropical Whip Snake Culebra Chirrionera Neotropical Coluber mentovarius
Mexican Bull Snake Alicante Pituophis deppei
Baird's Patchnose Snake Culebra Chata Mexicana Salvadora bairdi
Mexican Garter Snake Culebra de Agua Nómada Mexicana Thamnophis eques
Blackbelly Garter Snake Culebra de Agua de Panza Negra Thamnophis melanogaster
Longtail Alpine Garter Snake Culebra Listonada de Montaña Cola Larga Thamnophis scalaris
Queretaran Dusky Rattlesnake Cascabel Obscura de Querétaro Crotalus aquilus
Western Dusky Rattlesnake Cascabel Transvolcánica Crotalus triseriatus
Black Tailed Rattlesnake Cascabel de Cola Negra Crotalus molossus

Bird Species

Common Name (English) Common Name (Spanish) Scientific Name Image
Mexican Duck Pato Mexicano Anas platyrhynchos diazi
Northern Bobwhite Cordorniz Cotuí Norteña Colinus virginianus
Pied-billed Grebe Zampullín de Pico Grueso Podilymbus podiceps
Brown Pelican Pelícano Pardo Pelecanus occidentalis
Anhinga Aninga Americana Anhinga anhinga
Western Cattle Egret Garza Ganadera Bubulcus ibis
Turkey Vulture Buitre Pavo Cathartes aura
Cooper's Hawk Gavilán de Cooper Accipiter cooperii
Harris's Hawk Aguilla de Harris Parabuteo unicinctus
American Kestrel Cernícal Americano Falco sparverius
Killdeer Chorlo Gritón Charadrius vociferus
Mexican Dove Tortolita Mexicana Columbina inca
Eastern Whippoorwill Chotacabras Caprimulgus vociferus
Acorn Woodpecker Carpintero Bellotero Melanerpes formicivorus
Broad-tailed Hummingbird Colibrí Coliancho Selasphorus platycerus
Loggerhead Shrike Alcaudón Americano Lanius ludovicianus
Common Raven Cuervo Grande Corvus corax
Barn Swallow Golondrina común Hirundo rustica
Brown-backed Solitaire Clarín Jilguero Myadestes occidentalis
Northern Mockingbird Cenzontle Común Mimus polyglottos
Ocellated Thrasher Cuitlacoche Manchado Toxostoma ocellatum
Common Starling Estornino Pinto Sturnus vulgaris
Clay-colored Sparrow Gorrión Pálido Spizella pallida
House Finch Pinzón Mexicano Carpodacus mexicanus
Black-headed Grosbeak Picogordo Tigrillo Pheucticus melanocephalus
Great-tailed Grackle Zanate Mexicano Quiscalus mexicanus

Mammal Species

Common Name (English) Common Name (Spanish) Scientific Name Image
Virginia Opossum Tlacuache Didelphis virginiana californica
Nine-banded Armadillo Armadillo de Nueve Bandas Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus
Eastern Cottontail Conejo de Monte Sylvilagus floridanus connectens
Coyote Coyote Canis latrans cagottis
Gray Fox Zorro Gris Urocyon cinereoargenteus nigrirostris
Mexican Bobcat Lince Rojo Lynx rufus escuinapae
Long-tailed Weasel Comadreja de Cola Larga Mustela frenata frenata
American Hog-nosed Skunk Zorrillo Cadeno Conepatus leuconotus leuconotus
Ring-tailed Cat Cacomixtle Norteño Bassariscus astutus astutus
Southern Flying Squirrel Ardilla Voladora Glaucomys volans goldmani
Rock Squirrel Ardillón de Roca Otospermophilus variegatus variegatus
Mexican Gray Squirrel Ardilla Gris Mexicana Sciurus aureogaster nigrescens
Wood mouse Ratón de Campo Apodemus sylvaticus
Ghost-faced Bat Murciélago Rostro de Fantasma Mormoops megalophylla

Flora

Jilotepec's vegetation is predominantly semiarid grassland. In the north, the oak forests of Las Peñas are the largest in the state of Mexico. Throughout the municipality maguey, nopal, and tejocote are common, as well as many plants used in traditional medicinal recipes. There are two protected areas in Jilotepec: the state park El Llano Canalejas and the municipal park Las Sequoias as well as many smaller local parks and forests.

Climate

The climate of Jilotepec varies between Cwa and Cwb on the Köppen climate classification, meaning it's in a temperate zone with dry winters and warm to hot summers. The southern portion of the region is noticeably cooler than the northern region which is closer to the warmer region of the Bajío. Likewise, rain is more intense in the south of the state than in the north.

Monthly Climate Data
Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Avg. Temp. (°C) 11.6 13.1 15.4 16.9 17.7 17.1 16.3 16.4 15.7 14.3 13.0 12.1
Avg. High Temp. (°C) 20.0 21.0 23.5 24.3 24.5 22.6 22.0 21.7 21.0 21.0 20.3 20.0
Avg. Low Temp. (°C) 3.2 4.3 6.5 8.0 10.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 10.6 8.5 5.0 3.5
Chance of Rain (%) 5.8 4.7 4.5 11.8 25.5 56.3 67.8 65.3 56.0 28.0 8.7 2.7
Avg. Rainfall (mm) 6.2 7.0 7.0 12.3 34.0 84. 0 104.7 96.3 87.3 41.3 11.3 3.7

Economy

6,416 hectares of the municipality is dedicated to the production of corn (the major crop), beans, wheat and livestock which is very important activity in the economic life of Jilotepec. Livestock includes cows pigs, sheep, and deer being a major dairy and meat producer. There are also farms with 8.5 millions birds for the production of meat and eggs. The raising of freshwater fish is a growing industry in the municipality as well.

The municipality has two types of industry, the first being family workshops which produce clothes, ceramics and pottery. The second are factories focused on the production and embroidery of clothes for men and the manufacturing of plastic containers and other wool products. Its largest employer is the tool manufacturing company Truper.

References

  1. ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de Mexico Estado de Mexico Jilotepec de Abasolo". Archived from the original on May 26, 2007. Retrieved 2008-03-08.
  2. ^ "Principales resultados por localidad 2005 (ITER)". Archived from the original on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2008-03-08.
  3. ^ Plan de desarrollo Municipal 2016-2018 Jilotepec, México [Municipal Plan of Development 2016-2018 Jilotepec, México] (PDF) (in Spanish). Jilotepec, Estado de México: Ayuntamiento Constitucional de Jilotepec. 2016.
  4. ^ Plan de Desarrollo Municipal 2019-2021 (PDF) (in Spanish). Jilotepec, Estado de México: Ayuntamiento Constitucional de Jilotepec. 2019.
  5. ^ "Estado de México - Jilotepec de Abasolo". www.inafed.gob.mx. Archived from the original on 2017-01-21. Retrieved 2019-05-29.
  6. ^ Geografía (INEGI), Instituto Nacional de Estadística y. "Mapas. Fisiográficos". en.www.inegi.org.mx (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-05-30.
  7. ^ Figueroa Noguez, Areli Alejandra (2018). "Iniciativas de Desarrollo Económico Local en el Municipio de Jilotepec, Estado de México" [Local Economic Development Initiatives in the Municipality of Jilotepec, State of Mexico] (PDF). Agenda Pública para el Desarrollo Regional, la Metropolización y la Sostenibilidad [Public Agenda for Regional Development, Metropolitanization, and Sustainability] (PDF) (in Spanish). Vol. 3. México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. pp. 427–438.
  8. ^ "Las Peñas – Ayuntamiento Constitucional de Jilotepec 2019-2021" (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved 2019-05-31.
  9. ^ "Average Weather in Jilotepec de Molina Enríquez, Mexico, Year Round - Weather Spark". weatherspark.com. Retrieved 2019-05-30.