Mastung (Balochi and Urdu: مستونگ), is a town in the Balochistan province and serves as headquarters of Mastung District. It sits at an altitude of 1,701 metres (5583 feet). and is also the administrative centre for Mastung Tehsil, a subdivision of the district. The town is further divided into two Union Councils. Mastung is part of Sarawan, which was a division of the former princely state of Kalat. The primary languages spoken by the people in Mastung are Brahui and Balochi.

Mastung was known to the 10th-century geographers al-Muqaddasi and Istakhri, who both listed it among the towns in the province of Bālis, also called Bālish or Wālishtān, whose capital was Sibi.

The Ain-i-Akbari, written during the reign of the Mughal emperor Akbar in the late 1500s, lists Mastung as one of the 24 mahals included in the Sarkar of Kandahar. At that time, Mastung was defended by a mud brick fort and produced a yearly revenue of 10 tumans and 8,000 dinars in cash alongside 470 kharwars of grain. Its population was a mixture of Afghans and Balochs.

The 2017 Mastung suicide bombing killed 28 and injured 40. A 2018 suicide bombing killed 149 and injured 186. The town was once again the site of a suicide bombing in 2023.

There are numerous Baloch as well as Pashtun tribes populated in Mastung, the tribes include Bangulzai, Shahwani, Pirkani, Sarpara, Raisani (Tareen) and Muhammad Shahi Khilji]], which are the most common tribes and are politically active and leading in the area other tribes include Dehwar, Lehri, Satakzai, Bangulzai, Tareen, Ali Zai and several more.

Religious groups in Mastung City (1941 & 2017)

Religious group	1941		2017
	Pop.	%	Pop.	%
Islam	2,963	94.36%	34,369	98.21%
Hinduism	124	3.95%	416	1.19%
Sikhism	28	0.89%	—	—
Christianity	25	0.8%	201	0.57%
Others	0	0%	11	0.03%
Total population	3,140	100%	34,997	100%

• Mastung Valley
• Khwaja Ibrahim Yukpasi
• Baluchistan Agency