May 17 is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 228 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

• 1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army.
• 1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason.
• 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Florida with 600 men – by 1536 only four survive.
• 1536 – George Boleyn, 2nd Viscount Rochford and four other men are executed for treason.
• 1536 – Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn's marriage is annulled.
• 1590 – Anne of Denmark is crowned Queen of Scotland.

1601–1900

• 1642 – Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve founds the Ville Marie de Montréal.
• 1648 – An allied French and Swedish army defeats Imperial and Bavarian forces in the Battle of Zusmarshausen.
• 1673 – Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette begin exploring the Mississippi River.
• 1756 – Seven Years' War formally begins when Great Britain declares war on France
• 1760 – French forces besieging Quebec retreat after the Royal Navy arrives to relieve the British garrison.
• 1792 – The New York Stock Exchange is formed under the Buttonwood Agreement.
• 1805 – Muhammad Ali becomes Wāli of Egypt.
• 1809 – Emperor Napoleon I orders the annexation of the Papal States to the French Empire.
• 1814 – Occupation of Monaco changes from French to Austrian.
• 1814 – The Constitution of Norway is signed and Crown Prince Christian Frederick of Denmark is elected King of Norway by the Norwegian Constituent Assembly.
• 1859 – Members of the Melbourne Football Club codified the first rules of Australian rules football.
• 1863 – Rosalía de Castro publishes Cantares Gallegos, the first book in the Galician language.
• 1863 – American Civil War: During the Vicksburg campaign, Union forces under John A. McClernand defeat a Confederate rearguard and capture around 1,700 men at the Battle of Big Black River Bridge.
• 1865 – The International Telegraph Union (later the International Telecommunication Union) is established in Paris.
• 1875 – Aristides wins the first Kentucky Derby with the jockey Oliver Lewis (2:37.75).
• 1900 – The children's novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by L. Frank Baum, is first published in the United States. The first copy is given to the author's sister.

1901–present

• 1902 – Greek archaeologist Valerios Stais discovers the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient mechanical analog computer.
• 1914 – The Protocol of Corfu is signed, recognising full autonomy to Northern Epirus under nominal Albanian sovereignty.
• 1915 – The last British Liberal Party government (led by H. H. Asquith) falls.
• 1933 – Vidkun Quisling and Johan Bernhard Hjort form Nasjonal Samling — the national-socialist party of Norway.
• 1937 – Spanish Civil War: The Largo Caballero government resigns in the wake of the Barcelona May Days, leading Juan Negrín to form a government, without the anarcho-syndicalist CNT, in its stead.
• 1939 – The Columbia Lions and the Princeton Tigers play in the United States' first televised sporting event, a collegiate baseball game in New York City.
• 1940 – World War II: Germany occupies Brussels, Belgium.
• 1943 – World War II: Dambuster Raids commence by No. 617 Squadron RAF.
• 1953 – Delta Air Lines Flight 318 crashes near Marshall, Texas, killing 19.
• 1954 – The United States Supreme Court hands down a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, outlawing racial segregation in public schools.
• 1967 – Six-Day War: President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt demands dismantling of the peace-keeping UN Emergency Force in Egypt.
• 1969 – Venera program: Soviet Venera 6 begins its descent into the atmosphere of Venus, sending back atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure.
• 1973 – Watergate scandal: Televised hearings begin in the United States Senate.
• 1974 – The Troubles: Thirty-three civilians are killed and 300 injured when the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) detonates four car bombs in Dublin and Monaghan, Republic of Ireland.
• 1974 – Police in Los Angeles raid the Symbionese Liberation Army's headquarters, killing six members, including Camilla Hall.
• 1977 – Nolan Bushnell opened the first Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre (later renamed Chuck E. Cheese) in San Jose, California.
• 1980 – General Chun Doo-hwan of South Korea seizes control of the government and declares martial law in order to suppress student demonstrations.
• 1980 – On the eve of presidential elections, Maoist guerrilla group Shining Path attacks a polling location in Chuschi (a town in Ayacucho), starting the Internal conflict in Peru.
• 1983 – The U.S. Department of Energy declassifies documents showing world's largest mercury pollution event in Oak Ridge, Tennessee (ultimately found to be 4.2 million pounds [1.9 kt]), in response to the Appalachian Observer's Freedom of Information Act request.
• 1983 – Lebanon, Israel, and the United States sign an agreement on Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon.
• 1984 – Prince Charles calls a proposed addition to the National Gallery, London, a "monstrous carbuncle on the face of a much-loved and elegant friend", sparking controversies on the proper role of the Royal Family and the course of modern architecture.
• 1987 – Iran–Iraq War: An Iraqi Dassault Mirage F1 fighter jet fires two missiles into the U.S. Navy warship USS Stark, killing 37 and injuring 21 of her crew.
• 1990 – The General Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) eliminates homosexuality from the list of psychiatric diseases.
• 1992 – Three days of popular protests against the government of Prime Minister of Thailand Suchinda Kraprayoon begin in Bangkok, leading to a military crackdown that results in 52 officially confirmed deaths, hundreds of injuries, many disappearances, and more than 3,500 arrests.
• 1994 – Malawi holds its first multi-party elections.
• 1995 – Shawn Nelson steals an M60 tank from the California Army National Guard Armory in San Diego and proceeds to go on a rampage.
• 1997 – Troops of Laurent-Désiré Kabila march into Kinshasa. Zaire is officially renamed Democratic Republic of the Congo.
• 2000 – Arsenal and Galatasaray fans clash in the 2000 UEFA Cup Final riots in Copenhagen
• 2004 – The first legal same-sex marriages in the U.S. are performed in the state of Massachusetts.
• 2006 – The aircraft carrier USS Oriskany is sunk in the Gulf of Mexico as an artificial reef.
• 2007 – Trains from North and South Korea cross the 38th Parallel in a test-run agreed by both governments. This is the first time that trains have crossed the Demilitarized Zone since 1953.
• 2010 – Pamir Airways Flight 112 crashes in Afghanistan's Shakardara District, killing 44.
• 2014 – A military plane crash in northern Laos kills 17 people.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1155 – Jien, Japanese monk, poet, and historian (d. 1225)
• 1443 – Edmund, Earl of Rutland (d. 1460)
• 1451 – Engelbert II of Nassau, Count of Nassau-Vianden and Lord of Breda (1475–1504) (d. 1504)
• 1490 – Albert, Duke of Prussia, last Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (d. 1568)
• 1500 – Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (d. 1540)
• 1551 – Martin Delrio, Belgian occultist and theologian (d. 1601)
• 1568 – Anna Vasa of Sweden, Swedish princess (d. 1625)

1601–1900

• 1610 – Stefano della Bella, Italian engraver and etcher (d. 1664)
• 1628 – Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria (d. 1662)
• 1636 – Edward Colman, English Catholic courtier under Charles II (d. 1678)
• 1682 – Bartholomew Roberts, Welsh pirate (d. 1722)
• 1698 – Gio Nicola Buhagiar, Maltese painter (d. 1752)
• 1706 – Andreas Felix von Oefele, German historian and librarian (d. 1780)
• 1718 – Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness, English politician and diplomat, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (d. 1778)
• 1732 – Francesco Pasquale Ricci, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1817)
• 1743 – Seth Warner, American colonel (d. 1784)
• 1749 – Edward Jenner, English physician and microbiologist (d. 1823)
• 1758 – Sir John St Aubyn, 5th Baronet, English politician (d. 1839)
• 1768 – Caroline of Brunswick (d. 1821)
• 1768 – Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey, English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1854)
• 1794 – Anna Brownell Jameson, Irish-English author (d. 1860)
• 1818 – Ezra Otis Kendall, American professor, astronomer and mathematician (d. 1899)
• 1821 – Sebastian Kneipp, German priest and therapist (d. 1897)
• 1835 – Thomas McIlwraith, Scottish-Australian politician, 8th Premier of Queensland (d. 1900)
• 1836 – Virginie Loveling, Belgian author and poet (d. 1923)
• 1845 – Jacint Verdaguer, Catalan priest and poet (d. 1902)
• 1860 – Martin Kukučín, Slovak author and playwright (d. 1928)
• 1860 – Charlotte Barnum, American mathematician and social activist (d. 1934)
• 1863 – Léon Gérin, Canadian lawyer, sociologist, and civil servant (d. 1951)
• 1864 – Louis Richardet, Swiss target shooter (d. 1923)
• 1864 – Ante Trumbić, Croatian lawyer and politician, 27th Mayor of Split (d. 1938)
• 1866 – Erik Satie, French pianist and composer (d. 1925)
• 1868 – Horace Elgin Dodge, American businessman, co-founded Dodge (d. 1920)
• 1868 – Panagis Tsaldaris, Greek politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1936)
• 1870 – Newton Moore, Australian politician, 8th Premier of Western Australia (d. 1936)
• 1873 – Henri Barbusse, French author and journalist (d. 1935)
• 1873 – Dorothy Richardson, English author and journalist (d. 1957)
• 1874 – George Sheldon, American diver (d. 1907)
• 1882 – Karl Burman, Estonian architect and painter (d. 1965)
• 1886 – Alfonso XIII of Spain, Spanish monarch (d. 1941)
• 1888 – Tich Freeman, English cricketer (d. 1965)
• 1889 – Dorothy Gibson, American actress and singer (d. 1946)
• 1889 – Alfonso Reyes, Mexican author (d. 1959)
• 1891 – Napoleon Zervas, Greek general and politician (d. 1957)
• 1893 – Frederick McKinley Jones, American inventor and entrepreneur (d. 1961)
• 1895 – Saul Adler, Belarusian-English captain and parasitologist (d. 1966)
• 1895 – Reinhold Saulmann, Estonian sprinter and bandy player (d. 1936)
• 1897 – Odd Hassel, Norwegian chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
• 1898 – A. J. Casson, Canadian painter (d. 1992)
• 1899 – Carmen de Icaza, Spanish writer (d. 1979)

1901–present

• 1901 – Werner Egk, German pianist and composer (d. 1983)
• 1903 – Cool Papa Bell, American baseball player and manager (d. 1991)
• 1904 – Marie-Anne Desmarest, French author (d. 1973)
• 1906 – Zinka Milanov, Croatian-American soprano and educator (d. 1989)
• 1909 – Julius Sumner Miller, American physicist and academic (d. 1987)
• 1911 – Lisa Fonssagrives, Swedish-American model (d. 1992)
• 1911 – Maureen O'Sullivan, Irish-American actress (d. 1998)
• 1912 – Archibald Cox, American lawyer and politician, 31st United States Solicitor General (d. 2004)
• 1912 – Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner, American inventor (d. 2006)
• 1913 – Hans Ruesch, Swiss racing driver and author (d. 2007)
• 1914 – Robert N. Thompson, American-Canadian chiropractor and politician (d. 1997)
• 1918 – Joan Benham, English actress (d. 1981)
• 1918 – Birgit Nilsson, Swedish operatic soprano (d. 2005)
• 1919 – Antonio Aguilar, Mexican singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and screenwriter (d. 2007)
• 1919 – Gustav Naan, Russian-Estonian physicist and philosopher (d. 1994)
• 1920 – Harry Männil, Estonian-Venezuelan businessman, co-founded ACO Group (d. 2010)
• 1921 – Dennis Brain, English horn player (d. 1957)
• 1921 – Bob Merrill, American composer and screenwriter (d. 1998)
• 1922 – Jean Rédélé, French racing driver, founded Alpine (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Michael Beetham, English commander and pilot (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Roy Bentley, English footballer (d. 2018)
• 1924 – Francis Tombs, Baron Tombs, English engineer and politician (d. 2020)
• 1926 – David Ogilvy, 13th Earl of Airlie, English-Scottish soldier and politician (d. 2023)
• 1926 – Dietmar Schönherr, Austrian-Spanish actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
• 1926 – Franz Sondheimer, German-English chemist and academic (d. 1981)
• 1929 – Branko Zebec, Croatian and Yugoslav football player and coach (d. 1988)
• 1931 – Marshall Applewhite, American cult leader, founded Heaven's Gate (d. 1997)
• 1931 – Dewey Redman, American saxophonist (d. 2006)
• 1932 – Rodric Braithwaite, English soldier and diplomat, British Ambassador to Russia
• 1932 – Peter Burge, Australian cricketer (d. 2001)
• 1933 – Yelena Gorchakova, Russian javelin thrower (d. 2002)
• 1934 – Friedrich-Wilhelm Kiel, German educator and politician (d. 2022)
• 1934 – Earl Morrall, American football player and coach (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Ronald Wayne, American computer scientist, co-founded Apple Computer
• 1935 – Dennis Potter, English voice actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1994)
• 1936 – Dennis Hopper, American actor and director (d. 2010)
• 1937 – Hazel R. O'Leary, American lawyer and politician, 7th United States Secretary of Energy
• 1938 – Jason Bernard, American actor (d. 1996)
• 1938 – Marcia Freedman, Israeli activist (d. 2021)
• 1938 – Pervis Jackson, American R&B bass singer (d. 2008)
• 1939 – Hugh Dykes, Baron Dykes, English politician
• 1939 – Gary Paulsen, American author (d. 2021)
• 1940 – Alan Kay, American computer scientist and academic
• 1940 – Reynato Puno, Filipino lawyer and jurist, 22nd Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
• 1941 – David Cope, American composer and author
• 1941 – Ben Nelson, American lawyer and politician, 37th Governor of Nebraska
• 1942 – Taj Mahal, American blues singer-songwriter and musician
• 1943 – Sirajuddin of Perlis, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
• 1943 – Johnny Warren, Australian footballer, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2004)
• 1944 – Jesse Winchester, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2014)
• 1945 – B.S. Chandrasekhar, Indian cricketer
• 1945 – Tony Roche, Australian tennis player and coach
• 1946 – Udo Lindenberg, German singer-songwriter and drummer
• 1947 – Stephen Platten, English bishop
• 1948 – Dick Gaughan, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1949 – Bill Bruford, English drummer, songwriter, and producer
• 1949 – Keith, American pop singer
• 1950 – Howard Ashman, American playwright and composer (d. 1991)
• 1950 – Keith Bradley, Baron Bradley, English accountant and politician
• 1950 – Janez Drnovšek, Slovenian economist and politician, 2nd President of Slovenia (d. 2008)
• 1950 – Alan Johnson, English politician, Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer
• 1950 – Valeriya Novodvorskaya, Russian journalist and politician (d. 2014)
• 1951 – Simon Hughes, English lawyer and politician
• 1952 – Howard Hampton, Canadian lawyer and politician
• 1954 – Michael Roberts, South African-English jockey
• 1955 – Bill Paxton, American actor and director (d. 2017)
• 1955 – David Townsend, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2005)
• 1956 – Sugar Ray Leonard, American boxer
• 1956 – Annise Parker, American politician
• 1956 – Bob Saget, American comedian, actor, and television host (d. 2022)
• 1956 – Dave Sim, Canadian cartoonist and author
• 1957 – Pascual Pérez, Dominican baseball player (d. 2012)
• 1958 – Paul Di'Anno, English rock singer-songwriter
• 1959 – Marcelo Loffreda, Argentine rugby player and coach
• 1960 – Lou DiBella, American boxing promoter, actor, and producer
• 1960 – Simon Fuller, English talent manager and producer, created the Idols series
• 1961 – Enya, Irish singer-songwriter and producer
• 1961 – Jamil Azzaoui, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1961 – Justin King, English businessman
• 1962 – Lise Lyng Falkenberg, Danish journalist and author
• 1962 – Andrew Farrar, Australian rugby league player and coach
• 1962 – Craig Ferguson, Scottish-American comedian, actor, and talk show host
• 1962 – Jane Moore, English journalist and author
• 1962 – Rosalind Picard, American computer scientist and engineer, co-founded Affectiva
• 1963 – Jon Koncak, American basketball player
• 1963 – Page McConnell, American keyboard player and songwriter
• 1964 – Stratos Apostolakis, Greek footballer and coach
• 1964 – Mauro Martini, Italian race car driver
• 1964 – Menno Oosting, Dutch tennis player (d. 1999)
• 1965 – Trent Reznor, American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and producer
• 1965 – Jeremy Vine, English journalist and author
• 1966 – Qusay Hussein, Iraqi soldier and politician (d. 2003)
• 1966 – Mark Kratzmann, Australian tennis player and coach
• 1966 – Danny Manning, American basketball player and coach
• 1966 – Gilles Quénéhervé, French sprinter
• 1967 – Mohamed Nasheed, Maldivian lawyer and politician 4th President of the Maldives
• 1967 – Patrick Ortlieb, Austrian skier
• 1968 – Dave Abbruzzese, American rock drummer and songwriter
• 1969 – Keith Hill, English footballer and manager
• 1970 – Hubert Davis, American basketball player and coach
• 1970 – Jordan Knight, American singer-songwriter and actor
• 1970 – Matt Lindland, American mixed martial artist, wrestler, and politician
• 1970 – Jodie Rogers, Australian diver
• 1970 – René Vilbre, Estonian director and screenwriter
• 1971 – Mark Connors, Australian rugby player
• 1971 – Shaun Hart, Australian footballer, coach, and sportscaster
• 1971 – Stella Jongmans, Dutch athlete
• 1971 – Queen Máxima of the Netherlands, Dutch royal
• 1971 – Gina Raimondo, Governor of Rhode Island
• 1972 – Barry Hayles, English born Jamaican international footballer
• 1973 – Josh Homme, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
• 1974 – Andrea Corr, Irish singer-songwriter, pianist, and actress
• 1974 – Wiki González, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1974 – Eddie Lewis, American international soccer player
• 1975 – Marcelinho Paraíba, Brazilian footballer
• 1975 – Alex Wright, German wrestler
• 1976 – Kandi Burruss, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
• 1976 – Shayne Dunley, Australian rugby league player
• 1976 – José Guillén, Dominican-American baseball player
• 1976 – Daniel Komen, Kenyan runner
• 1976 – Wang Leehom, American-Taiwanese singer-songwriter, producer, actor, and director
• 1976 – Mayte Martínez, Spanish runner
• 1976 – Kirsten Vlieghuis, Dutch freestyle swimmer
• 1978 – John Foster, American baseball player and coach
• 1978 – Paddy Kenny, English footballer
• 1978 – Carlos Peña, Dominican-American baseball player
• 1978 – Magdalena Zděnovcová, Czech tennis player
• 1979 – David Jarolím, Czech footballer
• 1979 – Wayne Thomas, English footballer
• 1980 – Davor Džalto, Bosnian historian and philosopher
• 1980 – Fredrik Kessiakoff, Swedish cyclist
• 1980 – Alistair Overeem, Dutch mixed martial artist and kickboxer
• 1980 – Ariën van Weesenbeek, Dutch drummer
• 1981 – Beñat Albizuri, Spanish cyclist
• 1981 – Leon Osman, English footballer
• 1981 – Lim Jeong-hee, South Korean singer
• 1981 – Chris Skidmore, English historian and politician
• 1981 – Giannis Taralidis, Greek footballer
• 1982 – Matt Cassel, American football player
• 1982 – Dan Hardy, English mixed martial artist
• 1982 – Reiko Nakamura, Japanese swimmer
• 1982 – Tony Parker, French-American basketball player
• 1982 – Chloe Smith, English politician
• 1983 – Channing Frye, American basketball player
• 1983 – Chris Henry, American football player (d. 2009)
• 1983 – Nicky Hofs, Dutch footballer
• 1983 – Kevin Kingston, Australian rugby league player
• 1983 – Jeremy Sowers, American baseball player
• 1984 – Christian Bolaños, Costa Rican footballer
• 1984 – Christine Ohuruogu, English runner
• 1984 – Christine Robinson, Canadian water polo player
• 1984 – Passenger, English singer-songwriter and musician
• 1985 – Teófilo Gutiérrez, Colombian footballer
• 1985 – Derek Hough, American actor, singer, and dancer
• 1985 – Christine Nesbitt, Canadian speed skater
• 1985 – Todd Redmond, American baseball player
• 1985 – Matt Ryan, American football player
• 1986 – Marius Činikas, Lithuanian footballer
• 1986 – Timo Simonlatser, Estonian skier
• 1986 – Jodie Taylor, English footballer
• 1987 – Edvald Boasson Hagen, Norwegian cyclist
• 1987 – Aleandro Rosi, Italian footballer
• 1988 – Nikki Reed, American actress, singer, and screenwriter
• 1989 – Mose Masoe, New Zealand rugby league player
• 1989 – Rain Raadik, Estonian basketball player
• 1989 – Tessa Virtue, Canadian ice dancer
• 1990 – Will Clyburn, American basketball player
• 1990 – Fabian Giefer, German footballer
• 1990 – Charlie Gubb, New Zealand rugby league player
• 1990 – Katrina Hart, English runner
• 1990 – Guido Pella, Argentine tennis player
• 1991 – Johanna Konta, Australian-English tennis player
• 1991 – Adil Omar, Pakistani rapper and music producer
• 1991 – Abigail Raye, Canadian field hockey player
• 1994 – Julie Anne San Jose, Filipina singer-songwriter

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 528 – Empress Dowager Hu of Northern Wei
• 528 – Yuan Yong, imperial prince of Northern Wei
• 528 – Yuan Zhao, emperor of Northern Wei (b. 526)
• 896 – Liu Jianfeng, Chinese warlord
• 924 – Li Maozhen, Chinese warlord and king (b. 856)
• 946 – Al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, Fatimid caliph (b. 893)
• 1299 – Daumantas of Pskov, Lithuanian prince (b. c. 1240)
• 1336 – Go-Fushimi, emperor of Japan (b. 1288)
• 1365 – Louis II, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1328)
• 1395 – Konstantin Dejanović/Constantine Dragaš, Serbian ruler (b. 1355)
• 1464 – Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, English politician (b. 1427)
• 1510 – Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter (b. 1445)
• 1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, Welsh politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1478)
• 1536 – George Boleyn, 2nd Viscount Rochford, English courtier and diplomat, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1504)
• 1536 – William Brereton, English courtier (b. 1487)
• 1536 – Henry Norris, English courtier (b. 1482)
• 1546 – Philipp von Hutten, German explorer (b. 1511)
• 1551 – Shin Saimdang, South Korean poet and calligraphist (b. 1504)
• 1558 – Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Portuguese poet (b. 1485)
• 1575 – Matthew Parker, English archbishop and academic (b. 1504)

1601-1900

• 1606 – False Dmitriy I, pretender to the Russian throne (b. 1582)
• 1607 – Anna d'Este, French princess (b. 1531)
• 1626 – Joan Pau Pujol, Catalan organist and composer (b. 1570)
• 1643 – Giovanni Picchi, Italian organist and composer (b. 1571)
• 1727 – Catherine I of Russia (b. 1684)
• 1729 – Samuel Clarke, English clergyman and philosopher (b. 1675)
• 1765 – Alexis Clairaut, French mathematician, astronomer, and geophysicist (b. 1713)
• 1797 – Michel-Jean Sedaine, French playwright and composer (b. 1719)
• 1801 – William Heberden, English physician and scholar (b. 1710)
• 1807 – John Gunby, American general (b. 1745)
• 1809 – Leopold Auenbrugger, Austrian physician (b. 1722)
• 1822 – Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu, French general and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of France (b. 1766)
• 1829 – John Jay, American politician and diplomat, 1st Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1745)
• 1838 – René Caillié, French explorer and author (b. 1799)
• 1838 – Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1754)
• 1839 – Archibald Alison, Scottish priest and author (b. 1757)
• 1868 – Kondō Isami, Japanese commander (b. 1834)
• 1875 – John C. Breckinridge, American lawyer and politician, 14th Vice President of the United States, Confederate States general (b. 1821)
• 1879 – Asa Packer, American businessman, founded Lehigh University (b. 1805)
• 1880 – Ziya Pasha, Greek author and translator (b. 1826)
• 1886 – John Deere, American blacksmith and businessman, founded the Deere & Company (b. 1804)
• 1888 – Giacomo Zanella, Italian priest and poet (b. 1820)

1900-present

• 1911 – Frederick August Otto Schwarz, German-American businessman, founded FAO Schwarz (b. 1836)
• 1916 – Boris Borisovich Golitsyn, Russian physicist and seismologist (b. 1862)
• 1917 – Clara Ayres, American nurse (b. 1880)
• 1917 – Charles Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak (b. 1829)
• 1919 – Guido von List, Austrian-German journalist, author, and poet (b. 1848)
• 1921 – Karl Mantzius, Danish actor and director (b. 1860)
• 1922 – Dorothy Levitt, English racing driver and journalist (b. 1882)
• 1927 – Harold Geiger, American pilot and lieutenant (b. 1884)
• 1934 – Cass Gilbert, American architect (b. 1859)
• 1935 – Paul Dukas, French composer, critic, and educator (b. 1865)
• 1936 – Panagis Tsaldaris, Greek lawyer and politician, 124th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1868)
• 1938 – Jakob Ehrlich, Czech-Austrian academic and politician (b. 1877)
• 1943 – Johanna Elberskirchen, German author and activist (b. 1864)
• 1947 – George Forbes, New Zealand farmer and politician, 22nd Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1869)
• 1951 – William Birdwood, Anglo-Indian field marshal (b. 1865)
• 1960 – Jules Supervielle, Uruguayan-French poet and author (b. 1884)
• 1963 – John Wilce, American football player, coach, and physician (b. 1888)
• 1964 – Nandor Fodor, Hungarian-American psychologist and parapsychologist (b. 1895)
• 1974 – Ernest Nash, German-American photographer and scholar (b. 1898)
• 1977 – Charles E. Rosendahl, American admiral and pilot (b. 1892)
• 1980 – Gündüz Kılıç, Turkish football player and coach (b. 1918)
• 1985 – Abe Burrows, American director, composer, and author (b. 1910)
• 1987 – Gunnar Myrdal, Swedish economist, sociologist, and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)
• 1992 – Lawrence Welk, American accordion player and bandleader (b. 1903)
• 1995 – Toe Blake, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1912)
• 1996 – Kevin Gilbert, American singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1966)
• 1999 – Bruce Fairbairn, Canadian trumpet player and producer (b. 1949)
• 1999 – Lembit Oll, Estonian chess Grandmaster (b. 1966)
• 2000 – Donald Coggan, English archbishop (b. 1909)
• 2001 – Jacques-Louis Lions, French mathematician (b. 1928)
• 2001 – Frank G. Slaughter, American physician and author (b. 1908)
• 2002 – László Kubala, Hungarian-Spanish footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1927)
• 2002 – Aşık Mahzuni Şerif, Turkish poet and composer (b. 1940)
• 2004 – Jørgen Nash, Danish poet and painter (b. 1920)
• 2004 – Tony Randall, American actor (b. 1920)
• 2004 – Ezzedine Salim, Iraqi politician (b. 1943)
• 2005 – Frank Gorshin, American actor (b. 1934)
• 2006 – Cy Feuer, American director, producer, and composer (b. 1911)
• 2007 – Lloyd Alexander, American soldier and author (b. 1924)
• 2007 – T. K. Doraiswamy, Indian poet and author (b. 1921)
• 2009 – Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan journalist, author, and poet (b. 1920)
• 2009 – Jung Seung-hye, South Korean journalist and producer (b. 1965)
• 2010 – Yvonne Loriod, French pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1924)
• 2010 – Walasse Ting, Chinese-American painter and poet (b. 1929)
• 2011 – Harmon Killebrew, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Gideon Ezra, Israeli geographer and politician, Israeli Minister in the Prime Minister's Office (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Patrick Mafisango, Congolese-Rwandan footballer (b. 1980)
• 2012 – Donna Summer, American singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
• 2013 – Philippe Gaumont, French cyclist (b. 1973)
• 2013 – Peter Schulz, German politician, Mayor of Hamburg (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Ken Venturi, American golfer and sportscaster (b. 1931)
• 2013 – Jorge Rafael Videla, Argentine Commander in Chief and dictator (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Gerald Edelman, American biologist and immunologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1929)
• 2014 – C. P. Krishnan Nair, Indian businessman, founded The Leela Palaces, Hotels and Resorts (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Douangchay Phichit, Laotian politician (b. 1944)
• 2014 – Thongbanh Sengaphone, Laotian politician (b. 1953)
• 2015 – Lionel Pickens, American rapper (b. 1983)
• 2017 – Todor Veselinović, Serbian football player and manager (b. 1930)
• 2019 – Herman Wouk, American author (b. 1915)
• 2020 – Lucky Peterson, American blues singer, keyboardist and guitarist (b. 1964)
• 2022 – Vangelis, Greek musician, composer (b. 1943)
• 2024 – Bud Anderson, American World War II flying ace (b. 1922)
• 2024 – Sid Going, New Zealand rugby union footballer (b. 1943)

Holidays and observances

• Birthday of the Raja (Perlis)
• Christian feast day:
  • Giulia Salzano
  • Paschal Baylon
  • William Hobart Hare (Episcopal Church (USA))
  • Restituta
  • May 17 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Children's Day (Norway)
• Constitution Day (Nauru)
• Constitution Day (Norway)
• Feast of ‘Aẓamat (Baháʼí Faith, day shifts with March Equinox, see List of observances set by the Baháʼí calendar)
• Galician Literature Day or Día das Letras Galegas (Galicia)
• International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia
• Liberation Day (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
• Navy Day (Argentina)
• World Hypertension Day
• World Information Society Day (International)