The Mikveh Israel Cemetery is a Jewish cemetery known as the Federal Street Burial Ground and located at 11th and Federal Streets in the Passyunk Square neighborhood of South Philadelphia. It was first called Beth Hahayim (Hebrew: בית החיים). It is one of three cemeteries belonging to Congregation Mikveh Israel, Philadelphia's oldest synagogue.

Congregation Mikveh Israel purchased the land for $2,650 from owners William and Catherine Alexander and Joel and Mary Sutherland in what was then the District of Southwark prior to the consolidation of the City of Philadelphia in 1854. The cemetery was deeded to Kahal Kadosh Mikveh Israel on December 30, 1841.

The American Legion, and other local veterans and civic groups held Memorial Day observances for veterans at the cemetery in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s.

The Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission erected a Pennsylvania Historical Marker at the site on October 4, 1990, citing the burials of Abraham Hart the publisher; Alfred Mordecai, soldier and engineer; Dr. Sabato Morais, rabbi and educator; and noted Civil War veterans. Although Judge Mayer Sulzberger is also referred to in the last footnote, he is actually buried at Mount Sinai Cemetery of Philadelphia.

The Italian Market Civic Association initiated the reconstruction of the Federal Street cemetery in 1994.

Veterans of the Civil War are interred here along with other prominent members of the Philadelphia Jewish community.

• Abraham Hart (1810-1885). Publisher, briefly led the Congregation Mikveh Israel.
• Mayer Sulzberger (1843-1923). Presiding Judge of the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas, one of the founders of the Young Men's Hebrew Association, was conferred honorary doctorate by the Jefferson Medical College.
• Jacob Raphael Cohen (1738-1811). Rabbi of Congregation Mikveh Israel from 1784, his records are an important source of data on early American Jewish ritual and history.
• Benzion Halper (1884-1924). Hebraist and Arabist, professor at Dropsie College.
• Sabato Morais (1823-1897). Italian-American rabbi, pioneer of Italian Jewish Studies in America, founder of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America.
• Isaac Djerassi (1925–2011). Member of the first graduating class of Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1951, and Philadelphia area oncologist who advanced cancer therapy.

• Mikveh Israel Cemetery, 831 Spruce Street, Philadelphia
• Mikveh Israel Cemetery (Beth El Emeth), 55th and Market Streets, Philadelphia

• Kimberly Killeri (June 19, 2012). Congregation Mikveh Israel's Second Cemetery Philadelphia, PA. YouTube.com. Retrieved January 25, 2022.

• "Mikveh Israel Cemetery #2". findagrave.com. Find A Grave. 2019. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
• "Federal Street Burial Ground, a.k.a. Mikveh Israel Cemetery #2 - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania". Local Ascension LLC. 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2019.
• Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) No. PA-1602, "Mikveh Israel Cemetery Gatehouse, 1114 Federal Street, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA", 2 photos, 1 photo caption page