Molong, New South Wales
History
The name Molong comes from the Aboriginal word for 'all rocks'.
William Lee of Kelso is said to have had cattle in the area by 1819. He later held property just north of present Molong, around Larras Lee. In 1826, a military and police outpost was established at Molong, on Governor Darling's orders, as a step in opening up the government stock reserve west of the Macquarie River for settlement. For its first twenty years the settlement was at a site approximately 1.5 km (0.93 mi) east of the current location. The present village of Molong was officially gazetted in March 1849. In 1845, Copper was discovered at Copper Hill, just north of the town.
The Historical Museum is housed in a former hotel (1856), built by rubble-mason James Mortal, who sold it in 1861 to John Smith of Gamboola. Smith let the building to a series of publicans and it later became the residence and surgery for a series of doctors. The Historical Society acquired it for use as a museum, in 1969, with help from the Molong Shire Council.
In November 2022 many of the town's buildings were damaged in a flood.
Heritage listings
Molong has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
- Main Western railway: Molong railway station
- 3 km (1.9 mi) SE of Molong Yuranigh Road: Grave of Yuranigh
Geography
Molong is located on the Mitchell Highway about 300 kilometres (190 mi) west of Sydney and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the city of Orange, and an elevation of 529 metres above sea level. At the 2021 census, Molong had a population of 1,621 people. Charles Sturt visited Molong in 1828. Molong was the site of an early copper mine in Australia, located at Copper Hill just outside Molong.
The railway from Sydney reached Molong in 1886; it was later extended to Parkes. A branch railway to Dubbo was opened in 1925 and closed in 1987.
Climate
Despite Molong's elevation, it still manages to have a humid subtropical climate, bordering on an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfa/Cfb, Trewartha: Cfbk/Cfak), with warm to hot summers and cool winters.
| Climate data for Molong (Hill St), New South Wales, Australia (temperatures 1907-1975, rainfall 1884-present); 565 m AMSL | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 42.3 (108.1) |
40.0 (104.0) |
37.8 (100.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
27.2 (81.0) |
23.3 (73.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
25.7 (78.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
33.9 (93.0) |
37.8 (100.0) |
40.3 (104.5) |
42.3 (108.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.0 (87.8) |
30.1 (86.2) |
27.5 (81.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
14.0 (57.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
14.7 (58.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
22.6 (72.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
29.5 (85.1) |
22.3 (72.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 22.2 (72.0) |
21.7 (71.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
14.3 (57.7) |
10.1 (50.2) |
7.5 (45.5) |
6.4 (43.5) |
7.7 (45.9) |
10.5 (50.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
17.4 (63.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
14.3 (57.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 13.3 (55.9) |
13.2 (55.8) |
10.3 (50.5) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.8 (37.0) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
0.6 (33.1) |
2.4 (36.3) |
5.4 (41.7) |
8.4 (47.1) |
11.4 (52.5) |
6.2 (43.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) |
2.2 (36.0) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 69.8 (2.75) |
57.0 (2.24) |
58.2 (2.29) |
51.4 (2.02) |
52.3 (2.06) |
59.9 (2.36) |
59.4 (2.34) |
61.5 (2.42) |
54.0 (2.13) |
58.4 (2.30) |
60.6 (2.39) |
64.1 (2.52) |
706.6 (27.82) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 5.6 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 5.9 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 72.4 |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (temperatures 1907-1975, rainfall 1884-present) | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 1,503 | — |
| 1933 | 1,531 | +1.9% |
| 1947 | 1,662 | +8.6% |
| 1954 | 1,791 | +7.8% |
| 1961 | 1,655 | −7.6% |
| 1966 | 1,430 | −13.6% |
| 1971 | 1,383 | −3.3% |
| 1976 | 1,504 | +8.7% |
| 1981 | 1,374 | −8.6% |
| 1986 | 1,400 | +1.9% |
| 1991 | 1,563 | +11.6% |
| 1996 | 1,604 | +2.6% |
| 2001 | 1,560 | −2.7% |
| 2006 | 1,569 | +0.6% |
| 2011 | 1,629 | +3.8% |
| 2016 | 1,674 | +2.8% |
| 2021 | 1,621 | −3.2% |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics data. | ||
Education
- Molong Central School
- St Joseph's Catholic Schools