The town's name derives from the name of its railway station, which in turn was derived from the local mountain, which was believed to be named after James Tyson, a grazier and Member of the Queensland Legislative Council.
Mount Tyson Provisional School opened on 18 April 1904 (Easter) with 35 pupils; Minnie (McIntyre) Fletcher was the first teacher. On 1 January 1909, it became Mount Tyson State School. The school was extended in 1916, 1949, 1963, 1973 (library) and 1996 (Prep year building). The school celebrated its centenary in 2004.
Mount Tyson Post Office opened by 1917 (a receiving office had been open from 1904, briefly known as Mount Russell).
In the 2016 census, the locality of Mount Tyson had a population of 285 people.
In the 2021 census, the locality of Mount Tyson had a population of 280 people.
Education
Mount Tyson State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at Main Street (27°34′29″S151°34′10″E / 27.5746°S 151.5694°E / -27.5746; 151.5694 (Mount Tyson State School)). In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 58 students with 7 teachers (4 full-time equivalent) and 8 non-teaching staff (4 full-time equivalent). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 55 students with 6 teachers (4 full-time equivalent) and 7 non-teaching staff (3 full-time equivalent).
There are no secondary schools in Mount Tyson. The nearest secondary schools are Pittsworth State High School in Pittsworth to the south and Oakey State High School in Oakey to the north-east.
Amenities
Library services in Mount Tyson are provided by the Toowoomba Regional Council's mobile library service. The van visits Mt Tyson on the 2nd and 4th Tuesday of each month.
^"Mount Tyson". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
^Blake, Thom. "Mount Tyson Methodist Church". Queensland religious places database. Archived from the original on 8 November 2022. Retrieved 22 September 2022.
McNally, Paul Terence; Janke, Irene; Mount Tyson State School; Mount Tyson State School Parents and Citizens Association (2004), Mount Tyson State School : one hundred years of the best, 1904-2004, Mount Tyson State School Parent and Citizens Association, ISBN978-0-646-43223-6