Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu (Thai: เมืองหนองบัวลำภู; pronounced [mɯ̄aŋ nɔ̌ːŋ būa lām pʰūː]) is the capital district (amphoe mueang) of Nong Bua Lam Phu province, northeastern Thailand. As of the year 2010, it has a total population of 134,116.

Neighboring districts are (from the south clockwise): Non Sang, Si Bun Rueang, and Na Klang of Nong Bua Lam Phu Province; Kut Chap and Nong Wua So of Udon Thani Province.

On September 2, 1993, the districts of Nong Bua Lam Phu, Na Klang, Non-Sang, Si Bun Ruang and Suwannakhuha were separated from Udon Thani Province and were merged to create the Nong Bua Lamphu Province. Nong Bua Lam Phu District was renamed Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu.

The district is divided into 15 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 179 villages (mubans). The town (thesaban mueang) Nong Bua Lam Phu covers parts of tambons Nong Bua, Pho Chai, and Lam Phu. There are three townships (thesaban tambon): Hua Na, Na Mafueang, and Na Kham Hai. Each covers parts of the same-named tambon. There are a further 13 tambon administrative organizations (TAO).

No.	Name	Thai name	Villages	Pop.
1.	Nong Bua	หนองบัว	15	12,733
2.	Nong Phai Sun	หนองภัยศูนย์	10	6,633
3.	Pho Chai	โพธิ์ชัย	12	5,595
4.	Nong Sawan	หนองสวรรค์	10	6,944
5.	Hua Na	หัวนา	16	9,937
6.	Ban Kham	บ้านขาม	14	9,715
7.	Na Mafueang	นามะเฟือง	10	9,432
8.	Ban Phrao	บ้านพร้าว	15	9,434
9.	Non Khamin	โนนขมิ้น	10	7,824
10.	Lam Phu	ลำภู	12	9,674
11.	Kut Chik	กุดจิก	14	11,538
12.	Non Than	โนนทัน	10	6,932
13.	Na Kham Hai	นาคำไฮ	11	10,651
14.	Pa Mai Ngam	ป่าไม้งาม	13	8,437
15.	Nong Wa	หนองหว้า	7	4,613