Murphy Oil USA Refinery Spill
On August 29, 2005, the storm surge from the hurricane caused massive failure in the levees along the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet Canal, inundating St. Bernard Parish with 4 to 14 feet (1.2 to 4.3 m) of water. The Murphy Oil refinery was flooded with 6 to 18 feet (1.8 to 5.5 m) of water, and a 250,000-barrel (40,000 m) above-ground storage tank at the refinery was dislodged from its moorings and damaged in the flooding. At the time, the tank contained approximately 65,000 barrels (10,300 m) of mixed crude oil; a breach in the tank's side wall released up to 25,110 barrels (1,055,000 US gal), though the pressure from the floodwaters kept the oil inside of the tank until the waters had receded to about 4 feet (1.2 m), five days after the storm had passed.
As the oil was released, it mixed with the floodwaters and flowed from east to west. The spoiled water impacted approximately 1,700 homes in adjacent residential neighborhoods of Chalmette, over an area of about 1 square mile (2.6 km). Several canals were also impacted, including the 20 Arpent Canal, the 40 Arpent Canal, the Meraux Canal, the Corinne Canal, the DeLaRonde Canal, and various unnamed interceptor canals.
According to the U.S. Coast Guard, there were about 44 oil spills in the area affected by Hurricane Katrina, though most occurred in areas of Plaquemines Parish which do not have large populations. The Murphy Oil USA spill was the exception.
Preparations
Major industries in St. Bernard Parish, including the two oil refineries, had disaster mitigation plans that were filed with the local government. However, the local government lost most of its files in the flood that followed the levee failure.
Employees of oil refineries in the disaster area have stated on online forums that their refineries filled tanks with water in order to prevent them from floating away. However, typical pre-Katrina industry standards on the Gulf Coast were based on a heavy rain event and did not anticipate a full inundation of water around the storage tanks.
Another refinery employee commented that these large oil storage tanks are sometimes purposely floated in order to move them. The containment levees around the tank are generally filled with water and tanks are moved in this way around tank farms. This is done on a planned basis with all oil removed from the tank being moved.
See also
References
- ^ Meiners, Joan; The Times-Picayune; The Advocate (27 December 2019). "How Oil Companies Avoided Environmental Accountability After 10.8 Million Gallons Spilled". ProPublica. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
- Response and Prevention Branch Oil Team (May 2006). "Murphy Oil USA Refinery Spill, Chalmette & Meraux, LA Presentation" (.PDF). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 6. Retrieved 27 May 2010.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - "Murphy Oil Spill". United States Environmental Protection Agency. 24 March 2008. Retrieved 28 May 2010.