Neptuak Mountain was named by Samuel E.S. Allen in 1894. "Neptuak" is the Stoney Indian word for "nine" as Neptuak Mountain is peak #9 in the Valley of the Ten Peaks. It is located on the Continental Divide, which is also the British Columbia-Alberta border in this region, and is in the Bow Range of the Park Ranges of the Canadian Rockies. The summit is a tripoint for Banff National Park, Kootenay National Park, and Yoho National Park, where the three parks share a common border.

Like other mountains in Banff Park, Neptuak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Neptuak is located in a subarctic climate with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 C with wind chill factors below −30 C. Precipitation runoff from Neptuak drains east into tributaries of the Bow River, or west into tributaries of the Vermilion River.

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  Neptuak (centre) with Deltaform (left)

• List of peaks on the British Columbia–Alberta border

• Corbett, Bill (2009). The 11,000ers of the Canadian Rockies. Rocky Mountain Books. p. 182. ISBN 9781897522400.

• Patton, Brian (July 2007). Parkways of the Canadian Rockies: A Touring Guide to Banff, Jasper, Kootenay. Summerthought. pp. 76–77. ISBN 9780978237523.

• Calvert, Kathy (2003). Don Forest: Quest for the Summits. Rocky Mountain Books. p. 100. ISBN 9781894765374.

• Boles, Glen W.; Putnam, William Lowell; Laurilla, Roger W. (2006). Canadian Mountain Place Names: The Rockies and Columbia Mountains. Rocky Mountain Books. p. 100. ISBN 9781894765794.

• "Neptuak Mountain". BC Geographical Names.
• National Park Service web site: Banff National Park
• National Park Service web site: Kootenay National Park
• National Park Service web site: Yoho National Park
• Neptuak weather: Mountain Forecast