Osh Region (Kyrgyz: Ош облусу, romanized: Osh oblusu; Russian: Ошская область, romanized: Oshskaya oblast) is a region (oblast) of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Osh, which is not part of the region. It is bounded by (clockwise) Jalal-Abad Region, Naryn Region, China (Xinjiang), Tajikistan (Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Batken Region, and Uzbekistan (Andijan and Fergana Regions). Its total area is 28,934 km (11,171 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,391,649 as of January 2021. The region has a sizeable Uzbek (28.0% in 2009) minority.

Geography

Most of the population lives in the flat northern part of the Oblast, on the edge of the Ferghana Valley. The land gradually rises southward to the crest of the Alay Mountains, drops into the Alay Valley and rises to the Trans-Alai Range which forms the border with Tajikistan. In the east, the land rises to the Ferghana Range, roughly parallel to the Naryn border. This area is drained by the Kara Darya which flows northwest to join the Naryn to form the Syr Darya in the Ferghana Valley.

Highway M41 goes south over the mountains from Osh to the Tajik border. At Sary-Tash a branch goes east to the Chinese border crossing at Irkeshtam. The other main road goes west through the flat country to Batken Region.

Divisions

The Osh Region is divided administratively into seven districts:

District	Seat	Map
Alay District	Gülchö
Aravan District	Aravan
Chong-Alay District	Daroot-Korgon
Kara-Kulja District	Kara-Kulja
Kara-Suu District	Kara-Suu
Nookat District	Nookat
Özgön District	Özgön

Kara-Suu, Nookat and Özgön are cities of district significance. There are no urban-type settlements in the region.

Demographics

The resident population of Osh Region, according to the Population and Housing Census of 2009, was 1,104,248. Of these, 87,824 people live in urban areas, and 1,016,424 in rural ones. The official population estimate for the beginning of 2021 was 1,391,649.

Historical populations in Osh Region

Year	Pop.	±%
1970	433,029	—
1979	554,480	+28.0%
1989	712,643	+28.5%
1999	943,566	+32.4%
2009	1,104,248	+17.0%
2021	1,391,649	+26.0%
Note: resident population; Sources:

Ethnic composition

The largest ethnic minority group in Osh Region is Uzbeks, forming 28% of the regional population (308,688 people) according to the 2009 census. In 2009, 40% of all Kyrgyzstan's Uzbeks lived in Osh Region. According to the 2009 Census, the ethnic composition of the Osh Region (resident population) was:

Ethnic group	Population	Proportion of population
Kyrgyzs	758,036	68.6%
Uzbeks	308,688	28.0%
Uygurs	11,181	1.0%
Turks	10,934	1.0%
Tajiks	6,711	0.6%
Azerbaijanis	3,224	0.3%
Russians	1,552	0.1%
Tatars	1,337	0.1%
Dungans	793	0.1%
other groups	1,792	0.2%

Enclaves and exclaves

Kyrgyzstan's only exclave within Uzbekistan is administratively part of Osh Region (Kara-Suu District). This is the tiny village of Barak (population 627) in the Fergana valley, located on the road from Osh (Kyrgyzstan) to Khodjaabad (Uzbekistan) about 4 km north-west from the Kyrgyz–Uzbek border in the direction of Andijan.