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  • 21 Aug, 2019

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Osiek, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Osiek [ˈɔɕɛk] is a town in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland, with 2,001 inhabitants (2010). The town lies in Lesser Poland, along the National Road nr. 79, which goes from Warsaw to Bytom. Osiek is located 15 kilometers northeast of Połaniec, and 18 kilometers west of Tarnobrzeg, 180 meters above sea level.

Its main point of interest is St. Stanisław parish church, built in the late 17th century. Osiek has a rail station called Osiek Staszowski, on a secondary importance line which joins Tarnobrzeg with Włoszczowice.

History

Osiek is one of the oldest towns in the region. According to legends, in 1020 King Bolesław Chrobry presented the village called Ossziek to the Benedictine Monastery at Święty Krzyż. In 1253 the name of the village was spelled Ossek. It belonged to Princes of Sandomierz, and had its own marketplace. In 1270, Osiek was the property of Prince Bolesław V the Chaste. Its residents took advantage of a favorable location, along a merchant route from Kraków, through Sandomierz and Lublin, to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Many Piast dynasty princes would stop here during their trips across the country. Osiek most likely was a fortified gord, and in the mid-14th century, King Casimir III the Great built (or strengthened) a local castle.

Osiek was burned in the Second Mongol invasion of Poland, but the village was quickly rebuilt. In 1430, King Władysław II Jagiełło granted it the Magdeburg rights, allowing the town to organize weekly markets on Wednesdays. Osiek was a royal town of the Kingdom of Poland, administratively located in the Chęciny County in the Sandomierz Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province. It prospered during the Polish Golden Age. In the second half of the 16th century, its population amounted to 1,000, with a number of guilds, such as bakers, butchers, blacksmiths, tailors, potmakers, and millers. Osiek had 100 houses, and a wooden parish church of St. Stanisław. The decline of the town was brought by the Swedish invasion of Poland (1655–1660). Like almost all Lesser Poland's towns, Osiek was ransacked and burned, and never recovered from the destruction.

Following the Third Partition of Poland, in 1795, it was annexed by Austria. After the Polish victory in the Austro-Polish War of 1809, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. After its dissolution, since 1815, it was part of the Russian-controlled Congress Poland. The town further declined in the 19th century, losing its charter in 1869, after January Uprising.

During the Invasion of Poland (September 1939), retreating units of the Polish Army fought here a battle with the Wehrmacht, in which app. 100 Poles died. As a result of World War I and World War II destruction, there are no other historic buildings in Osiek, except for the parish church.

On 1 July 1994 Osiek regained its town rights.

Demographics

According to the 2011 Polish census, there were 2,001 people residing in Osiek, of whom 50% were male and 50% were female. In the town, the population consisted of 21.2% inhabitants under the age of 18; 38.6% between the age of 18 and 44; 23.6% from 45 to 64; and 16.6% residents who were 65 years of age or older.

Figure 1. Population pyramid in 2010 – by age group and sex
Table 1. Population level in 2010 – by sex
SPECIFICATION Measure
unit
POPULATION
(by sex in 2010)
TOTAL Males Females
I. TOTAL person 2,001 1,000 1,001
of which in % 100 50 50
1. BY AGE GROUP
A. At pre-working age person 425 215 210
of which in % 21.2 10.7 10.5
B. At working age, grand total person 1,244 659 585
of which in % 62.2 33 29.2
a. at mobile working age person 772 384 388
of which in                         % 38.6 19.2 19.4
b. at non-mobile working age person 472 275 197
of which in                         % 23.6 13.8 9.8
C. At post-working age person 332 126 206
of which in % 16.6 6.3 10.3
Table 2. Population level in 2010 – by age group
SPECIFICATION Measure
unit
POPULATION
(by age group in 2010)
TOTAL 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85 +
I. TOTAL person 2,001 116 81 141 145 143 151 157 150 113 141 150 128 101 81 61 58 50 34
of which in % 100 5.8 4 7 7.3 7.1 7.6 7.8 7.6 5.6 7 7.6 6.4 5 4 3 2.9 2.5 1.8
1. BY SEX
A. Males person 1,000 55 44 77 65 67 82 79 80 50 77 82 63 53 47 21 17 24 17
of which in % 50 2.8 2.2 3.8 3.2 3.3 4.2 3.9 4.1 2.5 3.8 4.2 3.1 2.6 2.3 1 0.9 1.2 0.9
B. Females person 1,001 61 37 64 80 76 69 78 70 63 64 68 65 48 34 40 41 26 17
of which in % 50 3 1.8 3.2 4.1 3.8 3.4 3.9 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.3 2.4 1.7 2 2 1.3 0.9

Former parts of town – physiographic objects

In the years 1970 of last age, sorted and prepared out list part of names of localities for Osiek, at as type of settlement then yet is a village, what you can see in table 3. Remaining not exchanged parts here are described in integral part of town Osiek now, in Osieczko.

Table 3. Index of official names of localities and physiographic objects
Names of village – town Names of part of village
– town
Names of physiographic objects
– nature of objects
I. Gromada OSIEK
  1. Osiek
  1. Dwór
  2. Gaj Osiecki
  3. Grabowiec
  4. Parysówka
  1. Broźnia – forest
  2. Buchnia – field
  3. Chudyniówka (Chudzyniówka) – field
  4. Dołki – field
  5. Gaj Osiecki – field
  6. Grabowiec – field, forest
  7. Kacapówka – field, forest
  8. Kozłówka – meadow
  9. Ługi – field
  10. Nakielec – field
  11. Niwa – field
  12. Parysówka – field
  13. Pasierbowskie – field
  14. Pastwisko – meadow
  15. Pod Cmentarzem – field
  16. Pod Kierkutem – field
  17. Pod Wolą – field
  18. Podgórki – field
  19. Posusze – field
  20. Rzeka – brook
  21. Skotnia – field
  22. Stawiska – meadow
  23. Zagrądzie – field
  24. Zagroble – meadow, field
  25. Zagumnie – field

References

  1. ^ "Local Data Bank (Bank Danych Lokalnych) – Layout by NTS nomenclature (Układ wg klasyfikacji NTS)". demografia.stat.gov.pl: GUS. 10 March 2011.
  2. ^ Bielec, Jan (ed.); Szwałek, Stanisława (1981). Wykaz urzędowych nazw miejscowości w Polsce. T. II: K – P [List of official names of localities in Poland, Vol. II: K – P] (in Polish). Ministry of Administration, Spatial Economy and Environmental Protection (1st ed.). Warsaw, Poland: Central Statistical Office. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)
  3. ^ Sitek, Janusz (1991). Nazwy geograficzne Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej [Geographical names of the Republic of Poland] (in Polish). Ministry of Physical Planning and Construction, Surveyor General of Poland, Council of Ministers' Office, Commission for Establishing Names of Localities and Physiographical Objects (1st ed.). Warsaw, Poland: Eugeniusz Romer State Cartographical Publishing House. ISBN 83-7000-071-1.
  4. ^ "Osiek, miasto, gmina Osiek – miasto, powiat staszowski, województwo świętokrzyskie" [Osiek, town, Osiek Commune – urban area, Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Province, Poland]. Topographical map prepared in 1:10,000 scale. Aerial and satellite orthophotomap (in Polish). Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland, Warsaw. 2011. geoportal.gov.pl. Retrieved 27 April 2011.
  5. ^ Województwo sandomierskie w drugiej połowie XVI wieku; Cz.1, Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. 1993. p. 3.
  6. ^ Cf. Kaczmarek, Leon (ed.); Taszycki, Witold (1970). Urzędowe nazwy miejscowości i obiektów fizjograficznych. 33. Powiat staszowski województwo kieleckie [Official Names of Localities and Physiographic Objects. 33. Staszów County Kielce Voivodeship] (in Polish). Commission for Establishing Names of Localities and Physiographic Objects (to business use). Vol. 33. Warsaw, Poland: Council of Ministers' Office. Cabinet Office for bureaux of the Supervisory Boards. pp. 30, 77–82, 84–91, 95. {{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help)