Quanzhou County
Historically, Quanzhou was under the administration of Hunan Province. It was only after Ming Dynasty (1368CE - 1644CE) that it was removed from Hunan into Guangxi.
Administrative divisions
Quanzhou County administers 15 towns, 1 township, and 2 ethnic townships.
- Towns
- Quanzhou (全州镇)
- Huangshahe (黄沙河镇)
- Miaotou (庙头镇)
- Wenqiao (文桥镇)
- Daxijiang (大西江镇)
- Longshui (龙水镇)
- Caiwan (才湾镇)
- Shaoshui (绍水镇)
- Shitang (石塘镇)
- Xianshui (咸水镇)
- Fenghuang (凤凰镇)
- Anhe (安和镇)
- Lianghe (两河镇)
- Jiantang (枧塘镇)
- Yongsui (永岁镇)
- Townships
- Baibao Township (白宝乡)
- Ethnic townships
- Jiaojiang Yao Ethnic Township (蕉江瑶族乡)
- Dongshan Yao Ethnic Township (东山瑶族乡)
Demographics
Language
Four Yao languages are spoken by the Yao people of Quanzhou County:
- Mien (Chinese: 勉; pinyin: Miǎn)
- Kim Mun (Chinese: 金门; pinyin: Jīnmén)
- Ao Min (Chinese: 邀敏; pinyin: Yāomǐn)
- Biao Min (Chinese: 标敏; pinyin: Biāomǐn)
Within Quanzhou County, the Biao Min language is divided into the following five different dialect groups:
- The Qingshui (Chinese: 清水), Zhuwu (Chinese: 竹坞), Shangtang (Chinese: 上塘), Xiaoheping (Chinese: 小和平), Huangladong (Chinese: 黄腊洞), Huanglong (Chinese: 黄龙), and Leigongyan (Chinese: 雷公岩) group
- The Baizhu (Chinese: 白竹), Jingrong (Chinese: 锦荣), and Daping (Chinese: 大坪) group
- The Bailing (Chinese: 白岭), Liuzijie (Chinese: 六字介), and Shijianping (Chinese: 石枧坪) group
- The Gumu (Chinese: 古木) group
- The Xieshui (Chinese: 斜水) group
Much of the difference between local Biao Min dialects is in phonetics, rather than vocabulary. With the exception of the Xieshui dialect group, the dialect groups are largely mutually intelligible. A possible explanation for the divergence of the Xieshui dialect group with other Biao Min dialects is increased interaction with Han people in the area.
Ethnicity
The Yao people of Quanzhou County are mainly located in the county's two ethnic townships: Jiaojiang Yao Ethnic Township and Dongshan Yao Ethnic Township.
Dongshan Yao Ethnic Township is home to the largest Yao population in the county, comprising about 20,000 people across 4,800 households.
The second largest concentration is located in Jiaojiang Yao Ethnic Township, where about 1,900 ethnic Yao reside across 400 households. Within Jiaojiang, Banyaoshan Village (Chinese: 板瑶山村) is home to about 120 ethnic Yao, residing across 20 households.
While not an ethnic township, the town of Shaoshui also has a sizable Yao community, numbering about 900 people across 190 households. Within Shaoshui, Tongyou Village (Chinese: 桐油村) hosts about 200 ethnic Yao across 60 households.
Climate
| Climate data for Quanzhou (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 26.2 (79.2) |
30.3 (86.5) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.8 (94.6) |
35.1 (95.2) |
37.0 (98.6) |
39.2 (102.6) |
40.2 (104.4) |
37.7 (99.9) |
36.0 (96.8) |
32.6 (90.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
40.2 (104.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.9 (49.8) |
12.7 (54.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
23.0 (73.4) |
27.3 (81.1) |
30.1 (86.2) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.8 (91.0) |
29.4 (84.9) |
24.3 (75.7) |
18.8 (65.8) |
12.8 (55.0) |
22.6 (72.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) |
9.2 (48.6) |
12.8 (55.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.1 (79.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.1 (82.6) |
24.9 (76.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
14.6 (58.3) |
9.1 (48.4) |
18.5 (65.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
19.8 (67.6) |
23.3 (73.9) |
25.3 (77.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
16.9 (62.4) |
11.5 (52.7) |
6.4 (43.5) |
15.6 (60.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.6 (25.5) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.4 (39.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
14.7 (58.5) |
17.5 (63.5) |
18.2 (64.8) |
13.2 (55.8) |
6.3 (43.3) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 79.0 (3.11) |
92.4 (3.64) |
187.6 (7.39) |
199.1 (7.84) |
290.2 (11.43) |
254.3 (10.01) |
156.6 (6.17) |
126.1 (4.96) |
53.1 (2.09) |
63.3 (2.49) |
81.7 (3.22) |
57.8 (2.28) |
1,641.2 (64.63) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 14.6 | 14.5 | 19.3 | 17.7 | 17.4 | 16.5 | 12.8 | 12.0 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 9.2 | 10.1 | 159.3 |
| Average snowy days | 2.4 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 4.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77 | 78 | 81 | 80 | 80 | 81 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 72 | 73 | 71 | 77 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 54.2 | 51.4 | 59.6 | 89.6 | 118.0 | 122.8 | 211.0 | 199.7 | 157.6 | 130.4 | 112.0 | 94.5 | 1,400.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 16 | 16 | 16 | 23 | 28 | 30 | 50 | 50 | 43 | 37 | 35 | 29 | 31 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- ^ Li, Rong (2012). 中國語言地圖集.
- ^ 2021年统计用区划代码（全州县） [2021 Statistical Division Codes (Quanzhou County)] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2021. Archived from the original on 2022-07-06. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
- ^ 第四章 瑶语 [Chapter Four: Yao Languages]. www.gxdqw.com (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
- ^ 第三节 土语 [Section Three: Local languages]. www.gxdqw.com (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
- ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
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