Raleigh–Durham International Airport (IATA: RDU, ICAO: KRDU, FAA LID: RDU), locally known by its IATA code RDU, is an international airport that serves Raleigh, Durham, and the surrounding Research Triangle region of North Carolina as its main airport. It is located in unincorporated Wake County, but is surrounded by the city of Raleigh to the north and east, and the towns of Cary and Morrisville to the south. The airport covers 5,000 acres (20 km) and has three runways.

As of 2024, RDU ranks 35th in passenger arrivals and departures in the US, offering passenger service to over 70 destinations, including 14 international destinations in eleven countries. There are more than 400 average daily flights. The RDU Airport Authority is in charge of the airport facilities and operations and is controlled by a board of representatives from the counties of Wake and Durham and the cities of Raleigh and Durham.

Raleigh–Durham International Airport is the second-largest airport in the state of North Carolina, behind Charlotte Douglas International Airport. The main catchment area is central & eastern North Carolina, and southern Virginia. The airport is an operating base for Avelo Airlines and a focus city for Delta Air Lines.

In 2023, RDU served a record 14.5 million passengers, which broke the airport's record of 14.2 million passengers set in 2019.

The region's first airport opened in 1929 as Raleigh Municipal Airport, south of Raleigh. It was quickly outgrown, and in 1939 the North Carolina General Assembly chartered the Raleigh–Durham Aeronautical Authority to build and operate a larger airport between Raleigh and Durham. This was promoted by Eastern Air Lines, led by then chairman Eddie Rickenbacker, who wanted to make RDU a stop on the airline's New York–Miami route.

The new Raleigh–Durham Airport opened on May 1, 1943, with flights by Eastern Airlines. The passenger terminal was built from materials remaining after the construction of four barracks for the Army Air Forces Air Technical Service Command airfield. The three runways the airport had in 1951 are still visible on the southeast side of the airport: 4500-ft runway 5, 4500-ft runway 18 and 4490-ft runway 14.

After World War II, Capital Airlines joined Eastern at RDU; Piedmont Airlines arrived in 1948. The April 1957 Official Airline Guide shows 36 departures a day: twenty Eastern, eight Capital and eight Piedmont. Nonstop flights did not reach beyond Washington, Atlanta, or the Appalachians (but Eastern started a Super Constellation nonstop to Newark in 1958). The next airline (aside from United's takeover of Capital in 1961) was Delta Air Lines in 1970. In April 1969, nonstops didn't reach beyond New York or Atlanta, and Chicago was the only nonstop west of the Appalachians. RDU's first scheduled jets were Eastern 727s in 1965.

In the 1970s, the last decade before airline deregulation, Piedmont connected RDU to Charlotte, Greensboro, New Bern, Norfolk, Richmond, Rocky Mount, Washington, Wilmington and Winston-Salem. United flew to Asheville, Charlotte, Huntsville and Newark, while Eastern flew to Atlanta, Charlotte, Miami, New York, Philadelphia, Richmond and Washington, and Delta flew to Chicago and Greensboro.

After deregulation, Allegheny Airlines arrived in 1979, and by 1985 Trans World Airlines, American Airlines, Ozark Air Lines, People Express, New York Air and Pan Am had all put in appearances.

American built a terminal at RDU between 1985 and 1987 to house a new hub, and flew to 38 cities when the hub started in June 1987. The December 1987 timetable shows AA nonstops to 36 airports and American Eagle prop nonstops to 18 more. American later flew to London-Gatwick and Paris-Orly. The RDU hub operated at a loss even during its heyday in the early 1990s, like the hub AA had at Nashville. American's December 1992 timetable, around the time of the hub's peak, showed 211 daily departures to 64 destinations, almost all in the eastern United States (the westernmost destinations being American's hubs at Dallas/Fort Worth and Chicago–O'Hare). The hub faced intense competition from Delta and Eastern in Atlanta, Northwest in Memphis, and from USAir in Charlotte, as well as the short-lived Continental hub in Greensboro that opened in 1993. American began to consider closing the hub in late 1993; operations were reduced until June 1995 when American closed the hub. In 1996, Air Canada became the airport's first international carrier with service to Toronto.

American retained a daily nonstop flight to London, which continued to operate until the COVID-19 pandemic and resumed in 2022. The RDU-London route was originally launched based on a purchasing commitment from GlaxoSmithKline, which has major offices at both ends of the route; the route is no longer dependent on GSK for revenue.

Midway Airlines replaced AA as the airport's hub carrier from 1995 until 2003. In 1995, Midway had flights to Boston, Hartford, Long Island, Newark, Newburgh, New York, Philadelphia and Washington in the Northeast, and to Fort Lauderdale, Jacksonville, Orlando, Tampa and West Palm Beach in Florida. American subleased its gates at RDU to Midway in order to repay $113 million in American-guaranteed bonds that had been used to construct the hub facilities. Midway suspended service for some time after the September 11, 2001 attacks, and ceased operations in 2002, filing for bankruptcy in 2003.

RDU's post-hub years have brought the addition of new carriers and destinations, notably discount carriers such as Allegiant Air, Southwest Airlines and Frontier Airlines. Because of the economic downturn and high fuel prices in 2008, American ended most point to point flights it operated out of the airport. Several mainline flights were also dropped and service to other cities was reduced or downgraded. Other airlines also cut flights and destinations including United Airlines and US Airways. Also in 2008, the airport was modernized; the current rebuilt Terminal 2 opened, on the site of the old Terminal C that was built in 1987. The rebuilt was completed in 2011, and was designed by Fentress Architects.

By 2010, RDU's traffic began to recover. In the first few months of the year, passenger numbers stabilized at RDU, ending the decrease the airport experienced in 2008 and 2009. In the first four months of 2010, 2.7 million passengers traveled through RDU. Growth was flat compared to the same period a year before, but these signs were positive indicating that the decline was over. Airlines at RDU began to add new services to the schedule with both legacy and low-cost carriers significantly increasing service since the early 2010s.

Delta Air Lines maintains a focus city operation at RDU, which it decided to maintain in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic due to the area's strong economy and lack of a dominant network carrier.

In November 2022, Avelo Airlines announced the opening of an operating base at Raleigh-Durham. Service started on February 15, 2023. Avelo currently operates two aircraft and around 90 employees at the airport.

The Vision 2040 Master Plan details several major improvements that are aimed to be made by 2040. Proposed in 2017 by the RDU Airport Authority, the plan calls for major additions and renovations of current facilities at the airport. This includes the construction of a consolidated rental car facility, an on-site hotel, expansion of parking lots, expansion of both terminals, improvements to the taxiway layout, and the replacement of both runways. The proposal included lengthening runway 5R/23L to 9,000 feet (2,700 m) and rebuilding runway 5L/23R to a length of 11,500 feet (3,500 m) just northwest of its current position. The existing runway 5L/23R will become a taxiway for the new runway. After modifying the planned runway length multiple times, the FAA authorized the construction of the new runway on September 5, 2023. The construction of RDU's new 5L/23R runway began on October 11, 2023. The new runway will be built at a length of 10,639 feet (3,243 m) and is anticipated to be finished in 5 years.

In June 2023, the Airport Authority Board approved an agreement to advance the planning process for terminal 1 expansion to allow for future growth as RDU reached new passenger traffic records and destinations served. RDU is also planning on expanding their customs and border patrol center to accommodate for the increase of international flights at RDU.

The airport contains two terminals with a total of 45 gates. The two terminals do not have an airside connection; passengers moving between the terminals may ride a shuttle bus or take the moving walkway through covered parking decks between the terminals. All non precleared international flights are processed in Terminal 2 and arrive into gates C21, C23, C24 and C25.

• Terminal 1 contains 9 gates, A1–A9. The Vision2040 plan proposes the addition of 4, 7, 12 or 15 gates. The terminal is used by Alaska Airlines, Avelo Airlines, Breeze Airways, Southwest Airlines, Spirit Airlines, and Sun Country Airlines. In 2024, RDU moved three airlines in Terminal 2 to maximize check-in, gate space, and overall terminal space for airlines at Terminal 2.
• Terminal 2 contains 36 gates, with concourses C and D. This is the only terminal at RDU that hosts international arrivals, utilizing gates C21 and C23–C25. Aeroméxico Connect, Air Canada, Air France, American Airlines, Copa Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Frontier Airlines, Icelandair, JetBlue, Lufthansa and United fly from Terminal 2. American Airlines Admirals Club, Delta Air Lines Sky Club, United Club, and USO of North Carolina are all located in this terminal.

The airport incorporates two cargo areas, North Cargo and South Cargo. The North Cargo terminal area is used by cargo airlines. The largest cargo operators are FedEx and UPS. The South Cargo terminal area is used by commercial airlines for cargo operations.

Endeavor Air built a maintenance base in 2019. The primary function is line maintenance. No hanger is available for maintenance.

Airlines	Destinations	Refs
Aeroméxico Connect	Mexico City
Air Canada	Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson (resumes May 1, 2025), Vancouver (begins June 5, 2025)
Air Canada Express	Toronto–Pearson Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Alaska Airlines	Seattle/Tacoma
American Airlines	Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Miami, New York–LaGuardia, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Washington–National Seasonal: Cancún
American Eagle	Chicago–O'Hare, Nashville, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Pittsburgh, Washington–National Seasonal: Miami
Avelo Airlines	Albany, Fort Myers, Manchester (NH), New Haven, Rochester (NY) Seasonal: Montego Bay (begins February 12, 2025), Punta Cana (begins February 22, 2025)
BermudAir	Bermuda (begins April 11, 2025)
Breeze Airways	Akron/Canton, Columbus–Glenn, Daytona Beach (begins February 13, 2025), Hartford, Long Island/Islip, Los Angeles, Louisville (resumes February 21, 2025), New Haven (begins February 7, 2025), New Orleans, Pittsburgh, Providence, San Diego, Sarasota, Tampa, West Palm Beach, White Plains Seasonal: Burlington (VT), Fort Myers, Jacksonville (FL), Portland (ME), Syracuse
Copa Airlines	Panama City–Tocumen
Delta Air Lines	Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Orlando, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa Seasonal: Cancún
Delta Connection	Austin, Cincinnati, Nashville, Newark, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Washington–National
Frontier Airlines	Atlanta, Boston, Cleveland, Denver, Miami, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Philadelphia, San Juan, Tampa Seasonal: Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Houston–Intercontinental, Portland (ME)
Icelandair	Reykjavík–Keflavík
JetBlue	Boston, Fort Lauderdale, New York–JFK, San Juan
Lufthansa	Frankfurt
Southwest Airlines	Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Chicago–Midway, Dallas–Love, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Houston–Hobby, Nashville, Orlando, St. Louis, Tampa Seasonal: Kansas City, Las Vegas, New Orleans, Phoenix–Sky Harbor
Spirit Airlines	Fort Lauderdale
Sun Country Airlines	Seasonal: Minneapolis/St. Paul
United Airlines	Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, San Francisco, Washington–Dulles
United Express	Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, Washington–Dulles Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare
WestJet	Seasonal: Calgary (begins June 9, 2025)

Destinations Maps
Atlanta Austin Cleveland Columbus Dallas/ Fort Worth Dallas–Love Seattle/Tacoma New Orleans Ft. Myers Chicago–O'Hare Los Angeles Miami Tampa Orlando Fort Lauderdale Houston–Intercontinental Houston–Hobby Washington–Dulles Washington–National Baltimore San Diego Kansas City Detroit Chicago–Midway Minneapolis/ St. Paul Nashville Denver Salt Lake City Phoenix– Sky Harbor Las Vegas San Francisco Charlotte West Palm Beach Jacksonville St. Louis Cincinnati Akron–Canton Sarasota Daytona Beach Indianapolis Louisville
Boston JFK LaGuardia Newark Philadelphia Pittsburgh Hartford Albany Manchester Rochester Long Island Providence White Plains Burlington Portland Syracuse
Mexico City Toronto–Pearson Calgary Vancouver Montréal–Trudeau Cancún Panama City–Tocumen San Juan Bermuda Punta Cana Montego Bay
London-Heathrow Frankfurt Reykjavík–Keflavík

Airlines	Destinations	Refs
FedEx Express	Atlanta, Charlotte, Indianapolis, Memphis, Newark Seasonal: Columbus, Greensboro, Harrisburg
FedEx Feeder	New Bern, Jacksonville (NC), Wilmington (NC)
UPS Airlines	Atlanta, Charlotte, Columbia, Louisville, Manteo/Dare County, New Bern, Norfolk, Ontario, Philadelphia, Wilmington (NC) Seasonal: Edenton, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Jacksonville (NC), Orlando
Quest Diagnostics	Concord, Reading

Busiest domestic routes from RDU (October 2023 – September 2024)

Rank	City	Passengers	Carriers
1	Atlanta, Georgia	709,660	Delta, Frontier, Southwest
2	Charlotte, North Carolina	525,870	American
3	Orlando, Florida	381,760	Delta, Frontier, JetBlue, Southwest
4	Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas	330,840	American, Frontier
5	Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois	316,100	American, Frontier, United
6	New York–LaGuardia, New York	311,980	American, Delta, Frontier
7	Denver, Colorado	293,300	Frontier, Southwest, United
8	New York–JFK, New York	291,110	American, Delta, JetBlue
9	Miami, Florida	290,000	American, Delta, Frontier
10	Boston, Massachusetts	283,340	Delta, Frontier, JetBlue

Busiest international routes from RDU (July 2023 – June 2024)

Rank	Airport	Passengers	% Change from Apr '23 - Mar '24	Ranking	Carriers
1	London–Heathrow, United Kingdom	130,382	0.08%		American
2	Paris–Charles de Gaulle, France	110,522	4.57%		Air France, Delta
3	Toronto–Pearson, Canada	92,393	1.06%		Air Canada
4	Reykjavík–Keflavík, Iceland	65,742	9.04%		Icelandair
5	Cancún, Mexico	28,848	8.72% `		American, Delta
6	Montréal–Trudeau, Canada	15,826	8.92%		Air Canada
7	Frankfurt, Germany	7,574	N/A		Lufthansa
8	Freeport, Bahamas	2,943	39.78%	1	Bahamasair
9	Panama City-Tocumen, Panama	1,436	N/A		Copa Airlines
10	Mexico City, Mexico	160	N/A		Aeromexico
11	Montego Bay, Jamaica	Begins February 2025	N/A		Avelo Airlines
12	Punta Cana, Dominican Republic	Begins February 2025	N/A		Avelo Airlines
13	Hamilton, Bermuda	Begins April 2025	N/A		BermudAir
14	Calgary, Canada	Begins June 2025	N/A		WestJet
15	Vancouver, Canada	Begins June 2025	N/A		Air Canada

Annual Passengers at RDU Enplaned and Deplaned 1985-Present

Year	Passengers	Year	Passengers	Year	Passengers	Year	Passengers
1985	2,771,009	1995	5,937,135	2005	9,303,904	2015	10,015,244
1986	3,100,002	1996	6,417,871	2006	9,432,925	2016	11,049,143
1987	4,854,073	1997	6,724,874	2007	10,037,424	2017	11,653,693
1988	7,352,007	1998	7,228,653	2008	9,715,928	2018	12,801,697
1989	8,594,671	1999	8,941,775	2009	8,973,398	2019	14,218,621
1990	9,265,665	2000	10,438,585	2010	9,101,920	2020	4,883,913
1991	9,381,586	2001	9,584,087	2011	9,161,279	2021	8,795,128
1992	9,925,364	2002	8,241,253	2012	9,220,391	2022	11,842,330
1993	9,695,886	2003	7,912,547	2013	9,186,748	2023	14,523,996
1994	8,999,491	2004	8,637,606	2014	9,545,360	2024

Largest airlines at RDU (October 2023 – September 2024)

Rank	Airline	Passengers	Share
1	American Airlines	3,069,000	21.31%
2	Delta Air Lines	2,963,000	20.57%
3	Southwest Airlines	2,218,000	15.40%
4	United Airlines	1,468,000	10.19%
5	Frontier Airlines	1,230,000	8.54%
	Other	3,455,000	23.99%

• On January 2, 1953, a USAF Douglas C-47 crashed near RDU attempting to land with rain and low visibility after diverting from Pope AFB in Fayetteville. The aircraft crashed nearly two miles south of the airport in Crabtree Park. Three out of the four occupants died.
• On Wednesday, November 12, 1975, Eastern Air Lines Flight 576, a Boeing 727-225, crashed while attempting to land on runway 23 (now runway 23 Left). The aircraft hit the ground 282 feet (86 m) short of the runway and bounced back into the air before coming down on the runway and sliding 4,150 feet (1,260 m) down the runway, stopping where the south end of Terminal 1 is today. Of the 139 persons on the flight, eight were injured, one seriously. The NTSB investigation initially blamed the crash on "the pilot's failure to execute a missed approach when he lost sight of the runway environment in heavy rain below decision height." The accident report and probable cause were later revised to include the influence of undetected wind shear. The aircraft (Boeing 727-225, N8838E) sustained major damage and was moved to an area on the north end of closed runway 18. A temporary structure was built around the aircraft, which was eventually repaired and returned to service.
• On December 31, 1986, a passenger aboard United Airlines Flight 1502 was wounded after a local hunter fired his rifle from the ground into the airframe of the landing aircraft. Robert Raymond Proulx, fired a bullet through the fuselage wounding a passenger (Barry Rollins) in the thigh and the cheek as the projectile ricocheted inside the cabin.
• On February 19, 1988, AVAir Flight 3378, a Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner was on a regularly scheduled flight between Raleigh and Richmond operating for American Eagle when it crashed into a reservoir about a mile from the airport in the vicinity of Cary. The aircraft had departed during low ceiling, low visibility and night conditions. Analysis of radar data indicated the aircraft was in a 45-degree descending turn. Both crew members and all 10 passengers were killed. It was revealed during the investigation that the pilot had complained of illness but decided to continue the flight.
• On December 13, 1994, American Eagle Flight 3379 operated by AMR's regional airline Flagship Airlines, a Jetstream 31 was on a regularly scheduled service of Raleigh–Greensboro–Raleigh when it crashed into a wooded area about 4 miles (6.4 km) SW of the airport, in the vicinity of Morrisville. Of the 20 onboard (18 passengers and two crewmembers) 15 were killed while the five survivors received serious injuries. The probable cause of the crash was the pilot not following proper procedure when it came to an engine failure situation.
• On July 31, 2000, a Win Win Aviation de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter crashed on approach nearly two miles SSW of RDU on a positioning flight due to fog and darkness. The pilot was not instrument rated to fly in bad weather. One crewmember out of the three occupants died.
• On October 20, 2019, a Piper PA-32 crashed in a wooded area of Umstead State Park on approach to runway 32. Both occupants of the plane died.
• On July 29, 2022, a CASA C-212 Aviocar from Raeford West Airport made an emergency landing and subsequently slid off runway 23L due to its lack of right landing gear. On approach, the 23-year old co-pilot, Charles Hew Crooks, exited the plane over Fuquay-Varina and subsequently died. The pilot was transported to the hospital with minor injuries as the result of a rough landing.
• On April 25, 2024, a Socata TBM 850 from Wilmington operated by UNC Air Operations crashed during landing on runway 32. The pilot and one passenger were both injured.

• List of airports in North Carolina
• List of the busiest airports in the United States
• North Carolina World War II Army Airfields

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

• Raleigh–Durham International Airport
• "Raleigh–Durham International Airport – RDU" (PDF). at North Carolina DOT airport guide
• FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective November 28, 2024
• FAA Terminal Procedures for RDU, effective November 28, 2024
• Resources for this airport:
  • AirNav airport information for KRDU
  • ASN accident history for RDU
  • FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
  • NOAA/NWS weather observations: current, past three days
  • SkyVector aeronautical chart for KRDU
  • FAA current RDU delay information