Randolph Township is one of four townships in Ohio County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 4,307 and it contained 2,008 housing units.

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1890	3,056		—
1900	2,984		−2.4%
1910	2,812		−5.8%
1920	2,649		−5.8%
1930	2,514		−5.1%
1940	2,628		4.5%
1950	3,044		15.8%
1960	3,173		4.2%
1970	3,418		7.7%
1980	4,034		18.0%
1990	4,023		−0.3%
2000	4,117		2.3%
2010	4,383		6.5%
2020	4,307		−1.7%
Source: US Decennial Census

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 38.54 square miles (99.8 km), of which 37.34 square miles (96.7 km) (or 96.89%) is land and 1.21 square miles (3.1 km) (or 3.14%) is water. The Ohio River defines the township's eastern border.

• Rising Sun

• Buffalo at 39°01′14″N 84°53′02″W / 39.020614°N 84.883839°W / 39.020614; -84.883839
• Camp Shor at 38°59′53″N 84°50′57″W / 38.998115°N 84.849116°W / 38.998115; -84.849116
• Norths Landing at 38°54′08″N 84°52′25″W / 38.902283°N 84.873560°W / 38.902283; -84.873560

(This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

The township contains these three cemeteries: Cedar Hedge, LaGrange and Rising Sun.

• Indiana State Road 56
• Indiana State Road 262

• Rising Sun-Ohio County Community Schools

• State House District 68
• State Senate District 43

• "Randolph Township, Ohio County, Indiana". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved October 22, 2009.
• United States Census Bureau 2009 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
• IndianaMap

• Indiana Township Association
• United Township Association of Indiana
• City-Data.com page for Randolph Township