Rødby is a town, with a population of 1,957 (1 January 2024), located on the island of Lolland in Denmark. It was the seat of the former Rødby Municipality (Danish, kommune).

The former Rødby municipality covered an area of 120 km, and had a total population of 6,590 (2005). Its last mayor was Hans Ole Sørensen, a member of the Venstre (Liberal Party) political party.

On 1 January 2007 Rødby municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007). It was merged with the existing Holeby, Højreby, Maribo, Nakskov, Ravnsborg, and Rudbjerg municipalities to form the new Lolland Municipality. This creates a municipality with an area of 892 km and a total resident population of 49,469 (2005). The new municipality is part of the Region Sjælland ("Zealand Region").

Rødbyhavn ("Rødby Harbour") is located at the coast approximately 5 km southwest of the town of Rødby. Rødbyhavn is a ferry port and is the endpoint of the Danish section of the European route E47. This endpoint is signposted "Rødby" on road signs, which is the most well-known feature of Rødby.

• Emil Vett (1843 in Rødby – 1911) a Danish businessman who co-founded Magasin du Nord
• Gutte Eriksen (1918 in Rødby – 2008) a Danish ceramist whose works were influenced by time spent in Japan
• Knud Holscher (born 1930 in Rødby) a Danish architect and industrial designer
• Sophus Halle (1862 in Rødby – 1924) a Danish teacher, organist and composer.

• Municipal statistics: NetBorger Kommunefakta, delivered from KMD aka Kommunedata (Municipal Data)
• Municipal mergers and neighbors: Eniro new municipalities map

• Lolland municipality's official website (Danish only)
• Scandlines (Ferry to Puttgarden)