Rutherford Township is one of six townships in Martin County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 675 and it contained 316 housing units.

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1890	1,218		—
1900	1,109		−8.9%
1910	899		−18.9%
1920	785		−12.7%
1930	668		−14.9%
1940	783		17.2%
1950	748		−4.5%
1960	689		−7.9%
1970	632		−8.3%
1980	654		3.5%
1990	681		4.1%
2000	730		7.2%
2010	760		4.1%
2020	675		−11.2%
Source: US Decennial Census

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 35.39 square miles (91.7 km), of which 34.81 square miles (90.2 km) (or 98.36%) is land and 0.58 square miles (1.5 km) (or 1.64%) is water.

• South Martin at 38°32′40″N 86°52′27″W / 38.544497°N 86.874166°W / 38.544497; -86.874166

The township contains Holtsclaw, Truelove, White River, Inman, South Martin, and Mount Zion Cemeteries.

• U.S. Route 231

• Loogootee Community School Corporation

• Indiana's 8th congressional district
• State House District 63
• State Senate District 48

• "Rutherford Township, Martin County, Indiana". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved September 29, 2009.
• United States Census Bureau 2008 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
• IndianaMap

• Indiana Township Association
• United Township Association of Indiana
• City-Data.com page for Rutherford Township