São Mateus, Espírito Santo
It is the second oldest and seventh most populous municipality in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. São Mateus was founded on 21 of September 1544, receiving municipal autonomy only in 1764. Originally, it was called Povoado do Cricaré, being renamed in the year 1566 by Father José de Anchieta after Saint Matthew.
Until the second-half of 19th century, it was one of the main gateways of enslaved Africans in Brazil. The large influx of slaves arriving at the Americas by the São Mateus' port explains why today the municipality is considered to have the biggest Afro-descendant population of the state. There were also italian immigrants arriving at the area, these ones being responsible for colonizing part of the backcountry of the municipality.
Climate
| Climate data for São Mateus, Espírito Santo (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.1 (89.8) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.6 (90.7) |
31.2 (88.2) |
29.7 (85.5) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.1 (82.6) |
28.8 (83.8) |
29.6 (85.3) |
29.8 (85.6) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.2 (86.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.8 (73.0) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.8 (71.2) |
19.8 (67.6) |
18.5 (65.3) |
17.7 (63.9) |
17.7 (63.9) |
18.8 (65.8) |
20.3 (68.5) |
21.4 (70.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 124.1 (4.89) |
89.4 (3.52) |
147.0 (5.79) |
115.1 (4.53) |
72.3 (2.85) |
63.5 (2.50) |
75.0 (2.95) |
61.7 (2.43) |
66.9 (2.63) |
119.0 (4.69) |
230.4 (9.07) |
176.6 (6.95) |
1,341 (52.80) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 113 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 81.6 | 80.2 | 81.6 | 82.7 | 82.6 | 83.6 | 83.8 | 80.2 | 80.1 | 80.0 | 82.5 | 82.1 | 81.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 230 | 224.3 | 220.2 | 188.1 | 193.5 | 172.5 | 185.8 | 201.3 | 178.9 | 179.9 | 154.6 | 183.9 | 2,313 |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (humidity 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||