Sainte-Pélagie was a prison in Paris, in active use from 1790 to 1899. It was founded earlier than that, however, in 1662, as place for "repentant girls" and later "debauched women and girls." The former Parisian prison was located between the current group of buildings bearing No. 56 Rue de la Clef with Rue du Puits-de-l'Ermite in the 5th arrondissement of Paris at the old Place Sainte-Pélagie.

The penal structure held many noted prisoners during the French Revolution, with Madame Roland, Grace Dalrymple Elliott and Marie-Louise O'Murphy being among the known prisoners. After the revolution, the Marquis de Sade was imprisoned here, as was the young mathematician Évariste Galois. During the July Monarchy, the "April insurgees" were also detained there, and some managed to escape through a tunnel. The painter Gustave Courbet was also imprisoned here for his activities in the Paris Commune. He painted a self-portrait titled, Gustave Courbet: Self-Portrait at Sainte-Pélagie.

• Bagne of Toulon
• Grand Châtelet
• La Force Prison
• Timeline of the French Revolution

• Hopkins, Tighe (1897). "The Dungeons of Old Paris: Being the Story and Romance of the Most Celebrated Prisons of the Monarchy and the Revolution". G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 131–154. OCLC 371224.
• Hopkins, Tighe (1897). "The Dungeons of Old Paris: Being the Story and Romance of the Most Celebrated Prisons of the Monarchy and the Revolution". Internet Archive. G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 131–154. OCLC 371224.
• Vause, Erika (2018). In the Red and in the Black: Debt, Dishonor, and the Law in France between Revolutions. University of Virginia Press. ISBN 978-0813941424. OCLC 1011613926.

• Media related to Prison Sainte-Pélagie at Wikimedia Commons
• Media related to Rue de la Clef (Paris) at Wikimedia Commons
• Media related to Rue du Puits-de-l'Ermite (Paris) at Wikimedia Commons