Second Battle Of Jabalia
- Israel imposes a siege and prevents the entry of aid
2 Merkava tanks destroyed
20+ Hamas fighters killed
150 Fighters arrested
1,000+ injured
200+ Abducted by Israeli forces
20,000+ Forcibly displaced
The siege of Jabalia, also known as the Jabalia offensive, is an ongoing engagement of the Israel–Hamas war in Jabalia, Gaza Strip, between Israel and Hamas-led Palestinian forces. It began on 5 October 2024 and marks the reentry of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) into the city for the second time since Israel withdrew from Jabalia in May 2024.
The siege is reportedly part of Israel's "generals' plan" to force Palestinians out of northern Gaza by designating it a combat zone and issuing evacuation orders to civilians under threat of death. The IDF imposed a complete siege on northern Gaza, cutting it off from Gaza City by destroying most of the roads leading south and preventing the entry of aid. Evacuations were hindered, however, by Israeli bombardments and shootings of fleeing civilians, leaving many trapped. Human rights groups raised concerns of war crimes, and Israeli actions were characterized as ethnic cleansing and genocide. Israel attacked hospitals and medical infrastructure, as international bodies warned of disastrous conditions in Jabalia.
The first battle of Jabalia was fought from 8 November 2023 to 31 May 2024, with the IDF encountering "significant resistance" during the fighting and ultimately failing to dismantle Hamas' presence in the city.
In the four months since the Israeli withdrawal, Hamas reportedly reconstituted itself in Jabalia and managed to recruit thousands of new fighters in the area.
On the evening of 5 October, the IDF began its stated operation to dismantle Hamas control in Jabalia, with the Israeli Air Force launching strikes around the area while armored brigades encircled the Jabalia refugee camp.
The IDF advanced into Jabalia and were met by combined attacks from Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades, and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). PIJ launched an attack on an Israeli command and control room belonging to forces attempting to penetrate the Jabalia refugee camp.
On 10 October, Hamas organized an ambush which destroyed an IDF mechanized infantry company of 12 vehicles east of the Jabalia camp. The IDF said that an Israeli airstrike on a Hamas command and control centre killed at least 12 Hamas and PIJ commanders.
On 13 October, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated that the IDF had reached "the heart of Jabalia" and were dismantling Hamas strongholds there. The IDF also attacked a site from which PIJ had launched rockets at Ashkelon the previous day. On the other hand, Palestinian militant forces continued defensive operations in Jabalia with explosives and rockets.
On 17 October, the Israeli air forced bombed the Abu Hussein school. The IDF stated the shelter was a joint Hamas-PIJ "command and control centre" and that it killed 12 militants. The Gaza Health Ministry stated the school bombing killed at least 28 people, including multiple children, with one health official stating, "Civilians and children are being killed, burned under fire". On 18 October, Israel sent an additional army unit into Jabalia.
On 20 October, Ehsan Daxa, an Israeli army colonel who was the commander of the IDF's 401st Brigade in Jabalia, was killed in combat. He is considered to have been the highest-ranking officer to have died in ground combat since the start of the Israel–Hamas war.
On 22 October, Hamas said that its fighters detonated an explosive device targeting 12 Israeli soldiers in Fallujah, killing and wounding some of them.
On 6 October 2024, Israel designated all of the northern Gaza Strip, including Jabalia, as a combat zone and ordered the entire civilian population to evacuate. Both Israeli military analysts and the Al-Mezan Center for Human Rights alleged that this was the first stage of the "generals' plan", a policy proposed by former Israeli general Giora Eiland to force Palestinians out of Gaza on pain of death. The Israeli human rights organizations Gisha, B'Tselem, Physicians for Human Rights and Yesh Din stated there were "alarming signs" that Israel was implementing the plan. Three Israeli reserve soldiers in Gaza stated it was their understanding the general's plan was being practically implemented. The plan has been described by Hamas as genocidal. Others have described the plan as the ethnic cleansing of northern Gaza. The United Nations warned that Israel was not allowing food to enter northern Gaza or Jabalia.
On 7 October, the IDF issued evacuation orders for residents of Jabalia, Beit Hanoun, and Beit Lahia, instructing them to travel southwards to the al-Mawasi humanitarian zone. Following these evacuation orders was made more difficult by Israel's ongoing bombardment, as well as drones pursuing and shooting at individuals attempting to flee. Residents reported being trapped in Jabalia, with all roads blocked except the main highway leading out. However, they also stated quadcopters were firing at anyone attempting to leave, with one resident stating, "It’s like hell. We can’t get out."
According to Israeli media, tens of thousands of Palestinians have passed through the IDF security crossing at the Netzarim Corridor to get to the southern Gaza Strip. On 7 October 2024, however, UN Spokesperson Stéphane Dujarric stated many people in northern Gaza were "trapped" in their homes and that "few families have crossed Wadi Gaza heading South". Doctors Without Borders stated at least five of their staff members were trapped in Jabalia, stating, "Nobody is allowed to get in or out; anyone who tries is getting shot". UNRWA head Philippe Lazzarini stated, "People attempting to flee are getting killed, their bodies left on the street".
Anas al-Sharif, a journalist on the ground, stated that possibly thousands of families were "trapped between tanks, their gunfire, and heavy artillery shelling". One woman stated she was forced from her home "at gunpoint" as tanks and heavily armed soldiers encircled her family, and that young men were separated for interrogation. Israeli footage showed men separated at checkpoints in northern Gaza and possibly detained. The Israeli military released footage of Palestinians being rounded up near the besieged Indonesia Hospital, where they had been sheltering. Residents stated Israeli forced stormed shelters for displaced families and detained men, with footage showing men sitting next to a tank while others were led away by a soldier. The UN Human Rights Office stated it was concerned the men could be subject to arbitrary detainment and torture.
Per the Palestinian Civil Defense, at least 17 people, including 9 children, were killed in the IDF's initial wave of airstrikes. One of those killed was journalist Hassan Hamad, who was reportedly deliberately targeted by Israel after receiving threats via messages and calls from Israeli officers, ordering him to stop his reporting. After an Israeli airstrike on 11 October that killed at least 22 Palestinians and wounded more than 90, Hamas made a statement the following day condemning what it described as the "Nazi occupation’s massacres" in Jabalia under United States protection. Journalists stated they were being directly targeted by the Israeli army, including Fadi Al Wahidi, who was reportedly shot in the neck by a sniper.
On 14 October, Al Jazeera Arabic reported the Israeli military was planting explosives in homes to demolish them. The same day, medics reported that Israeli forces fired on civilians waiting for flour at a food distribution centre, killing ten people and wounding dozens. On 16 October, the Gaza Civil Defense stated there were dozens of people trapped under the rubble, and some bodies were laying in the road unable to be rescued. Gaza's civil defence agency spokesman stated, "There are a number of pleas from families being bombed inside Jabalia camp... but it is difficult for our teams to reach the bombed sites". As a result, northern Gaza's head of emergency services stated, stray dogs were eating bodies in the street.
On 18 October, Al Jazeera Arabic reported a home had been demolished while a family was still inside it. Jabalia experienced a communications blackout, which disrupted rescue operations. The blackout was reportedly caused by damage to key infrastructure in Jabalia, including communication towers. Attack drones and ongoing bombings also prevented the civil defense from rescuing residents trapped under rubble. On 19 October, 33 people were killed and more wounded by an Israeli airstrike on several houses near the Nassar junction. The entirety of the historic Block 2 area was reportedly destroyed by Israel, including homes and infrastructure. According to one woman, "The Israelis started shelling us with artillery, their drone and warplanes fired missiles, too. Then, they stormed the area with their tanks and opened fire randomly."
On 21 October, 10 people were reportedly killed and 30 wounded by an Israeli attack at the Jabalia Preparatory School turned shelter. A paramedic fleeing the shelter stated that people were attempting to comply with an evacuation order when "suddenly there was shelling". On 23 October, civil defence teams stated they were attempting to rescue people buried under rubble by hand. The same day, three civil defense workers were wounded in a "targeted strike" by Israel, leading the agency to suspend operations in northern Gaza. Israeli forces also reportedly killed northern Gaza's chief of police. The civil defense reported 150 people were killed and injured in an airstrike on Jabalia's Block 7 on 24 October.
Dr. Mounir al-Bursh, the director-general of the Gaza Health Ministry stated "entire families have disappeared" during Israel's siege and attack on northern Gaza. Residents were quoted as saying they were undergoing a genocide, with one reporter stating, "Families have been getting killed inside their homes in Jabalia."
During the siege, the Health Ministry stated Israel was "intensifying its targeting of the health system in the northern Gaza Strip". WHO's vaccination campaign to address Gaza's polio epidemic was delayed in northern Gaza due to the escalating violence and intense bombing. On 9 October, an Israeli airstrike killed at least 15 people inside Al-Yemen Al-Saeed Hospital in Jabalia, which has housed displaced families. Israel reportedly used a "double tap" bombing, injuring fifteen people in a family home, then targeted an ambulance arriving to help them, killing a doctor.
The Gaza Health Ministry stated Israel had besieged and was directly targeting the Indonesia Hospital, Kamal Adwan Hospital, and Al-Awda Hospital. More than 350 patients were reportedly trapped in the three hospitals, including pregnant women, people with chronic health conditions, and individuals needing surgeries. The Al Awda hospital stated Israeli strikes on the hospital and an ambulance had wounded several medical staff. In a statement, the director of Al-Awda Hospital stated, "Israeli forces are targeting everything that moves in northern Gaza".
The Indonesia Hospital's director stated, "Israeli tanks have completely surrounded the hospital, cut off electricity and shelled the hospital, targeting the second and third floors with artillery". Staff reported heavy gunfire directed at the hospital, with more than 40 patients injured. Two patients at Indonesia Hospital were reported to have died after the hospital lost electricity, as the UN stated the Indonesia Hospital was no longer operational. Indonesia Hospital's chief nurse stated the hospital's water supply had been cut, that operating the electric generator required permission from the IDF, and there was no food available for four consecutive days. On 21 October 2024, medics at Indonesia Hospital stated Israeli forces set a nearby school on fire, which spread to the hospital and shut down its power.
The United Nations Human Rights Office warned that Israel was "effectively sealing off North Gaza" and may be committing a war crime as it was possibly attempting to forcibly transfer the region's civilian population. Later the Human Rights Office stated that Israel's conduct might be "causing the destruction of the Palestinian population in Gaza’s northernmost governate through death and displacement." UNOCHA stated it was continuing to "sound the alarm" about the "atrocious conditions" families were experiencing in northern Gaza. Joyce Msuya, the UN's acting humanitarian chief, stated, "Appalling news from northern Gaza where Palestinians continue to endure unspeakable horrors under siege by Israeli forces". James Elder, the spokesperson for UNICEF, stated, "We see now what is probably the worst restrictions we've seen on humanitarian aid, ever". In a statement, Oxfam and 37 other humanitarian organizations stated that northern Gaza was being "wiped off the map". In a statement, Doctors Without Borders stand, "We call on the Israeli forces to immediately stop their attacks on hospitals in North Gaza".
In an editorial in The Guardian, Ahmed Najar described the plight of his sister and her family in Jabalia during the siege, writing, "I can hear the fear gripping their voices, their terror seeping through the phone. They are living in hell."
Amid the fighting in Jabalia, Muhammad Dardouna, a native of the city, carried out a shooting attack at Highway 4 near Ashdod, Israel, on 15 October, killing a police officer and four other Israelis. While he was originally from Jabalia, Dardouna had moved to the West Bank several years ago and snuck into Israel to conduct the attack. Hamas called the shooting a "natural response" to Israeli actions in the Palestinian territories.
Palestinian health officials said at least another 20 people had been killed since Saturday night in northern Gaza, after the army sent tanks into areas there for the first time in months and urged residents to leave.
Northern Gaza, particularly the Jabalia camp, witnessed a night of terror as Israel launched a ground incursion into the area on Saturday evening... Missiles began to strike Jabalia around Saturday afternoon and continued without stopping through the night, accompanied by the advance of Israeli military vehicles in northwestern and northeastern parts of the strip...