Soroca County (Romania)
Geography
The county was located in the northeastern part of Greater Romania, in the northeastern region of Bassarabia, on the border with the Soviet Union. Currently its territory is entirely in the Republic of Moldova. It was bordered to the northwest by Hotin County, to the west and southwest by Bălți County, southeast by Orhei County, and to the east and north-east with the USSR.
History
After the Union of Bessarabia with Romania in 1918, the county belonged to Romania, which set up the county formally in 1925.
The first prefect of Soroca County was Vasile Săcară in 1918.
After the 1938 Administrative and Constitutional Reform, this county merged with the counties Bacău, Baia, Bălți, Botoșani, Iași, Neamț, Roman, and Vaslui to form Ținutul Prut.
The area of the county was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940 and became part of the Moldavian SSR. The area returned to Romanian administration as the Bessarabia Governorate following the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union in July 1941. A military administration was established and the region's Jewish population was either executed on the spot or deported to Transnistria, where further numbers were killed. As the Soviet Union's offensive pushed the Axis powers back, the area again was under Soviet control. On September 12, 1944, Romania signed the Moscow Armistice with the Allies. The Armistice, as well as the subsequent peace treaty of 1947, confirmed the Soviet-Romanian border as it was on January 1, 1941. The area of the county, along with the rest of the Moldavian SSR, became part of the independent country of Moldova.
Administrative Organization
In 1930, the county consisted of four administrative districts (plăși):
- Plasa Bădiceni, headquartered at Bădiceni
- Plasa Climăuți, headquartered at Climăuți
- Plasa Cotiugenii-Mari, headquartered at Cotiugenii-Mari
- Plasa Florești, headquartered at Florești
Later, the county was reorganized into eight districts:
- Plasa Bădiceni, headquartered at Bădiceni
- Plasa Cotiugenii-Mari, headquartered at Cotiugenii-Mari
- Plasa Florești, headquartered at Florești
- Plasa Nădușița, headquartered at Nădușița
- Plasa Otaci, headquartered at Otaci
- Plasa Soroca, headquartered at Soroca
- Plasa Târnova, headquartered at Târnova
- Plasa Vîrtejeni, headquartered at Vârtejeni
In 1941, the county was organized as follows:
- City of Soroca
- Plasa Climăuți, headquartered at Climăuți
- Plasa Florești, headquartered at Florești
- Plasa Nădușița, headquartered at Nădușița
- Plasa Soroca, headquartered at Soroca
Population
According to the census data of 1930, the county's population was 315,774, of which 73.4% were ethnic Romanians, 9.2% Jews, 8.6% Ukrainians, 8.3% Russians, as well as other minorities. From the religious point of view 88.6% of the population was Eastern Orthodox, as well as other minorities. The city of Soroca had a population of 14,661.
According to the census data of 1941, the county's population was 310.220, of which 84.57% were ethnic Romanians, 12.40% Ukrainians, 2.10% Russians, 0.41% Jews, 0.19% Poles, as well as other minorities.
References
- ^ Leonid Cemortan, Drama intelectualilor basarabeni de stinga Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Iurie Colesnic, "Basarabia necunoscută", Ed. Universitas, Chișinău, 1993; Volumul 1
- ^ Paul Vataman, Figuri sorocene, Chișinău, 1993, p.161
- ^ James Stuart Olson; Lee Brigance Pappas; Nicholas Charles Pappas (1994). An Ethnohistorical dictionary of the Russian and Soviet empires. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 484. ISBN 9780313274978.
- ^ "The Avalon Project : The Armistice Agreement with Rumania; September 12, 1944". avalon.law.yale.edu. Retrieved 17 March 2018.
- ^ United States Department of State. Foreign relations of the United States, 1946. Paris Peace Conference: documents Volume IV (1946)
- ^ Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Soroca
External links
- (in Romanian) Soroca County on memoria.ro
- Săcară, Vasile
- Leonid Cemortan, Drama intelectualilor basarabeni de stinga
