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  • 21 Aug, 2019

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TW Piscis Austrini

TW Piscis Austrini (also known as Fomalhaut B) is a main sequence star in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. It lies relatively close to the Sun, at an estimated distance of 24.8 light-years (7.6 parsecs). To an observer on Earth the star is visually separated from its larger companion Fomalhaut (A) by 2 degrees—the width of four full moons.

A visual band light curve for TW Piscis Austrini, adapted from Busko and Torres (1978). The error bar shown on the left-most point applies to all points.

The name TW Piscis Austrini is a variable star designation. This is a variable star of the type known as a BY Draconis variable, with surface brightness variations causing the changes as the star rotates. It varies slightly in apparent magnitude, ranging from 6.44 to 6.51 over a 10.3-day period.

TW Piscis Austrini lies within a light-year of Fomalhaut. Due to sharing the same proper motion, and the same estimated age of approximately 440 ± 40 million years, astronomers now consider them to be elements of a multiple star system. A third star, dimmer and more widely separated, Fomalhaut C, gives the system the widest visual separation, to observers from Earth, at approximately 6 degrees.

Planetary system

In 2019, an exoplanet candidate around Fomalhaut B was detected by astrometry, but this remains unconfirmed.

The Fomalhaut B planetary system
Companion
(in order from star)
Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)
Orbital period
(years)
Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b (unconfirmed) 1.2+0.7
−0.6
MJ
25+52
−21