Taylor Township is a township in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was nine hundred and ninety-one at the time of the 2020 census, a decline from the figure of one thousand fifty-two that was tabulated in 2010.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 5.3 square miles (13.9 km), of which 5.1 square miles (13.2 km) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.6 km), or 4.67%, is water.

Unincorporated communities in the township include West Pittsburg, East Moravia, and New Castle Junction.

As of the census of 2000, there were one thousand one hundred and ninety-eight people, four hundred and seventy-four households and three hundred and thirty-five families residing in the township.

The population density was 234.9 inhabitants per square mile (90.7/km). There were five hundred and six housing units at an average density of 99.2 per square mile (38.3/km).

The racial makeup of the township was 97.58% White, 1.59% African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.33% from other races, and 0.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.33% of the population.

There were four hundred and seventy-four households, out of which 23.4% had children under the age of eighteen living with them; 55.1% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.3% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was sixty-five years of age or older.

The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the township the population was spread out, with 17.9% under the age of eighteen, 6.6% from eighteen to twenty-four, 24.2% from twenty-five to forty-four, 28.0% from forty-five to sixty-four, and 23.4% who were sixty-five years of age or older. The median age was forty-six years.

For every one hundred females, there were 91.1 males. For every one hundred females aged eighteen and over, there were 90.0 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $34,511, and the median income for a family was $39,375. Males had a median income of $31,688 compared with that of $19,167 for females.

The per capita income for the township was $15,368.

Roughly 9.7% of families and 12.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.7% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.

The New Castle Area School District serves the township.

40°57′18″N 80°21′43″W / 40.955°N 80.362°W / 40.955; -80.362